Figure 3
From: Non-linear changes in modelled terrestrial ecosystems subjected to perturbations

Impact, relative to an undisturbed state, of removal of net primary production (NPP) on the functional structure—mean trophic level (dark blue), trophic range (light blue) and body-mass range (light green)—of four ecosystems: (a) high productivity, aseasonal (Uganda); (b) relatively high productivity, highly seasonal (France); (c) relatively low productivity, seasonal (Gobi Desert, China); and (d) low productivity, aseasonal (Libyan Desert). Simulations and plotting conventions are as in Fig. 1.