Figure 1

Diagram of the analysis for a generic biomarker. Each picture has highlighted in green the resection area. The left pictures consist of examples of post-resection recordings, while the right pictures represent the pre-resection recordings. The reference threshold representing ‘normal’ tissue is computed as the maximum across all resected electrodes of all post-resection recordings for all cured patients (i.e. seizure outcome equals to Engel 1A without medication after 1 year). This threshold is compared to the pre-resection resected recordings for all patients. For each patient if any of these latter values is higher than the reference threshold we have a successful outcome (i.e. the biomarker was able to localize the epileptogenic tissue). The number of successful outcomes was used as an overall performance measure for the biomarker.