Figure 7 | Scientific Reports

Figure 7

From: Record-high positive refractive index change in bismuth germanate crystals through ultrafast laser enhanced polarizability

Figure 7

(a) The chemical structure of the pristine BGO crystal showing its long range order. (b) Post-inscription structure of the waveguide core that illustrates amorphisation and inward migration of Ge & O to replace Bi. (c) High polarizability induced due to strong asymmetry in the electron cloud caused by the strong cation field of Ge. (d) Steric hinderance effect due to the presence of Bi instead of Ge within the same chain.

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