Table 1 Characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts.
Training cohortn (%) | Validation cohortn (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bleeding | No Bleeding | P | Bleeding | No Bleeding | P | |
n = 65 | n = 35 | n = 43 | n = 45 | |||
Demographic characteristics | ||||||
Age | ||||||
18–60 | 51 (78.5) | 29 (82.9) | 0.6 | 31 (72.1) | 39 (86.7) | 0.09 |
≥ 60 | 14 (21.5) | 6 (17.1) | 12 (27.9) | 6 (13.3) | ||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 23 (35.4) | 10 (28.6) | 0.48 | 14 (32.6) | 15 (33.3) | 0.93 |
Female | 42 (64.6) | 25 (71.4) | 29 (67.4) | 30 (66.7) | ||
Education level | ||||||
Primary school | 21 (32.3) | 10 (28.6) | 0.78 | 13 (30.2) | 11 (24.4) | 0.75 |
Middle school | 26 (40) | 13 (37.1) | 14 (32.6) | 14 (31.1) | ||
University | 18 (27.7) | 12 (34.3) | 16 (37.2) | 20 (44.4) | ||
Occupational | ||||||
Non-manual labor | 40 (61.5) | 23 (65.7) | 0.68 | 33 (76.7) | 31 (68.9) | 0.41 |
Physical labor | 25 (38.5) | 12 (34.3) | 10 (23.3) | 14 (31.1) | ||
Clinical characteristics | ||||||
Disease duration (months) | ||||||
3–12 | 11 (16.9) | 5 (14.3) | 0.73 | 21 (48.8) | 16 (35.6) | 0.21 |
> 12 | 54 (83.1) | 30 (85.7) | 22 (51.2) | 29 (64.4) | ||
Comorbidities | ||||||
Hypertension | 6 (9.2) | 3 (8.5) | 0.9 | 3 (7) | 1 (2.2) | 0.45 |
Diabetes | 1 (1.5) | 1 (2.8) | 2 (4.7) | 1 (2.2) | ||
No comorbidities | 58 (90.3) | 31 (89.3) | 38 (88.4) | 43 (95.6) | ||
Current use of GC | ||||||
Yes | 40 (61.6) | 21 (60) | 0.87 | 23 (53.5) | 20 (44.4) | 0.4 |
No | 25 (38.4) | 14 (40) | 20 (46.5) | 25 (55.6) | ||
PLT (× 109/L) | ||||||
< 20 | 22 (33.9) | 3 (8.6) | 0.02 | 21 (48.8) | 5 (11.1) | 0.01 |
20–50 | 29 (44.6) | 20 (57.1) | 15 (34.9) | 30 (66.7) | ||
51–80 | 14 (21.5) | 12 (34.3) | 7 (16.3) | 10 (22.2) | ||
IFN-γ (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 4.25 | 13 (20) | 10 (28.6) | 0.72 | 34 (79.1) | 28 (62.2) | 0.01 |
4.25–5.02 | 18 (27.7) | 9 (25.7) | 6 (14) | 2 (4.4) | ||
5.03–16.4 | 18 (27.7) | 7 (20) | 1 (2.3) | 8 (17.8) | ||
> 16.4 | 16 (24.6) | 9 (25.7) | 2 (4.7) | 7 (15.6) | ||
IL-1β (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 1.57 | 15 (25.1) | 10 (28.6) | 0.48 | 22 (51.2) | 24 (53.3) | 0.92 |
1.57–2.84 | 18 (27.7) | 6 (17.1) | 11 (25.6) | 13 (28.9) | ||
2.85–125.31 | 18 (27.7) | 8 (22.9) | 3 (7) | 2 (4.4) | ||
> 125.31 | 14 (21.5) | 11 (31.4) | 7 (16.3) | 6 (13.3) | ||
IL-4 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 3.17 | 19 (29.2) | 5 (14.3) | 0.36 | 12 (27.9) | 7 (15.6) | 0.37 |
3.17–3.71 | 15 (25.1) | 11 (31.4) | 7 (16.3) | 6 (13.3) | ||
3.72–12.59 | 14 (21.5) | 10 (28.6) | 21 (48.8) | 30 (66.7) | ||
> 12.59 | 17 (26.2) | 9 (25.7) | 3 (7) | 2 (4.4) | ||
IL-6 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 6.02 | 15 (25.1) | 10 (28.6) | 0.26 | 28 (65.1) | 25 (55.6) | 0.44 |
6.02–8.46 | 19 (29.2) | 6 (17.1) | 2 (4.7) | 5 (11.1) | ||
8.47–9,855.8 | 18 (27.7) | 7 (20) | 7 (16.3) | 11 (24.4) | ||
> 9,855.8 | 13 (20) | 12 (34.3) | 6 (14) | 4 (8.9) | ||
IL-8 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 19.17 | 20 (30.8) | 5 (14.3) | 0.31 | 15 (34.9) | 13 (28.9) | 0.57 |
19.17–41.49 | 14 (21.5) | 10 (28.6) | 18 (41.9) | 16 (35.6) | ||
41.5–44,418.72 | 16 (24.6) | 9 (25.7) | 8 (18.6) | 11 (24.4) | ||
> 44,418.72 | 15 (25.1) | 11 (31.4) | 2 (4.7) | 5 (11.1) | ||
IL-10 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 3.99 | 14 (21.5) | 11 (31.4) | 0.73 | 4 (9.3) | 4 (8.9) | 0.46 |
3.99–4.75 | 16 (24.6) | 8 (22.9) | 17 (39.5) | 11 (24.4) | ||
4.76–12.98 | 19 (29.2) | 8 (22.9) | 21 (48.8) | 28 (62.2) | ||
> 12.98 | 16 (24.7) | 8 (22.9) | 1 (2.3) | 2 (4.4) | ||
IL-17A (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 143.65 | 20 (30.8) | 5 (14.3) | 0.06 | 6 (14) | 7 (15.6) | 0.42 |
143.65–179.38 | 17 (26.2) | 8 (22.9) | 5 (11.6) | 11 (24.4) | ||
179.39–480.2 | 17 (26.2) | 8 (22.9) | 29 (67.4) | 25 (55.6) | ||
> 480.2 | 11 (16.8) | 14 (40) | 3 (7) | 2 (4.4) | ||
IL-22 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 5.26 | 20 (30.8) | 5 (14.3) | 0.12 | 8 (18.6) | 11 (24.4) | 0.84 |
5.26–6.8 | 18 (27.7) | 7 (20) | 17 (39.5) | 14 (31.1) | ||
6.81–2,743.68 | 14 (21.5) | 11 (31.4) | 16 (37.2) | 18 (40) | ||
> 2,743.68 | 13 (20) | 12 (34.3) | 2 (4.7) | 2 (4.4) | ||
IL-23 (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 2.43 | 16 (24.6) | 9 (25.7) | 0.3 | 11 (25.6) | 15 (33.3) | 0.83 |
2.43–3.24 | 20 (30.8) | 5 (14.3) | 12 (27.9) | 11 (24.4) | ||
3.25–340.81 | 14 (21.5) | 11 (31.4) | 8 (18.6) | 9 (20) | ||
> 340.81 | 15 (25.1) | 10 (28.6) | 12 (27.9) | 10 (22.2) | ||
TNF-α (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 2.24 | 19 (29.2) | 5 (14.3) | 0.29 | 13 (30.2) | 12(26.7) | 0.49 |
2.24–2.99 | 15 (25.1) | 11 (31.4) | 16 (37.2) | 14(31.1) | ||
3–115.84 | 17 (26.2) | 8 (22.9) | 11 (25.6) | 11(24.4) | ||
> 115.84 | 14 (21.5) | 11 (31.4) | 3 (7) | 8(17.8) | ||
TGF-β (pg/ml) | ||||||
< 6,959.06 | 20 (30.8) | 6 (17.1) | 0.05 | 14 (32.6) | 11(24.4) | 0.01 |
6,959.06–12,480.82 | 18 (27.7) | 7 (20) | 19 (44.2) | 5(11.1) | ||
12,480.83–67,139.67 | 17 (26.2) | 8 (22.9) | 8 (18.6) | 15(33.3) | ||
> 67,139.67 | 10 (15.3) | 14 (40) | 2 (4.7) | 14(31.1) | ||
