Table 3 Results of least square means analysis of flowering traits, cineole and biomass. F-values and degrees of freedom, in parentheses, for the fixed effects traits (start, end and duration of flowering, proportion flowering, proportion dual flush, foliar cineole concentration and pre- and post-thinning biomass estimates) and the Z-values for the random effects (replicate, column nested within replicate and row nested within replicate) at the Eucalyptus loxophleba seed orchard.

From: Flowering phenology in a Eucalyptus loxophleba seed orchard, heritability and genetic correlation with biomass production and cineole: breeding strategy implications

Effect

Flowering

Proportion

Foliar cineole

ln (dry biomass)

Start

End

Duration

Flowering

Dual flush

Pre-thinned

Post-thinned

Fixed effects

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

F (degree of freedom) or Z value

Year

11.1 (1)**

353.0 (1)***

34.2 (1)***

0.52 (1)

    

Prov

17.2 (8)***

57.4 (8)***

26.7 (8)***

7.38 (8)***

20.98 (8)***

104.6 (8)***

28.6 (8)***

11.2 (8)***

Family(Prov)

3.1 (8)**

12.1 (51)***

4.4 (51)***

2.63 (51)***

4.29 (51)***

22.1 (51)***

4.1 (51)***

3.3 (51)***

Year*Prov

7.8 (51)***

3.6 (8)**

2.2 (8)*

2.51 (8)*

    

Year*Family(Prov)

1.0 (51)

1.9 (51)**

1.1 (51)

1.05 (51)

    

Random effects

 Rep

0.0

1.7*

0.0

2.0*

0.0

2.3*

2.7**

0.6

 Col(Rep)

2.2*

2.5**

1.9**

1.9**

0.0

2.0

4.6***

4.0***

 Row(Rep)

4.0***

2.3**

2.9***

0.0

1.0

2.4***

4.5***

2.9**

 Residual

27.9***

28.0***

41.6***

32.1***

21.4***

49.3***

50.1***

20.2***

  1. Significance test results for fixed and random effects are denoted as: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001; ***P < 0.0001.