Figure 3

Joint association of pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG with risk of preterm birth among women aged 20–29 years (a), 30–34 years (b) and 35 years or older (c). Education level, parity, gravidity, previous premature delivery, mode of conception, prenatal care, timing of initiation of prenatal care, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus and sex of infant were adjusted for in models. The reference group were women who had a normal pre-pregnancy BMI and an adequate GWG. Error bars present 95% CI. OR odds ratio. *p < 0.05.