Table 2 Arterial involvement according to clinical background.

From: The utility of PET/CT in large vessel vasculitis

Clinical background	Pattern of vessel involvement on PET	Areas of vessel enhancement on PET	Increased arterial wall thickness on CT (+ /−)	Extravascular inflammatory soft tissue features: pulmonary opacities
FUO, weakness, elevated inflammatory markers	Solitary	Arch	−
	Multiple	Abdominal and thoracic aorta	+
	Multiple	Abdominal aorta, b/l brachial aa, b/l subclavian aa, b/l vertebral aa, and b/l iliac aa	−
	Multiple	b/l iliac aa, b/l subclavian aa, b/l brachial aa	+
	Multiple	Abdominal and thoracic aorta, b/l brachial arteries	+
	Solitary	Thoracic aorta	−
TAK	Solitary	Arch	−
	Solitary	Infundibulum and pulmonary trunk	+	LLL opacities
	n/a	No increased uptake	−	b/l opacities
		No increased uptake		RLL opacity
		No increased uptake		b/l opacities
		No increased uptake
		No increased uptake
	Multiple	Abdominal aorta and L renal a	−
	Multiple	Ascending and descending aorta, L brachiocephalic a, L carotid a, L subclavian a	−
	Multiple	Ascending and abdominal aorta	−
GCA	Multiple	Abdominal aorta, b/l brachial aa, b/l subclavian aa, and b/l carotid aa	−
	n/a	No increased uptake	−
	n/a	No increased uptake	−
GPA	Multiple	Abdominal aorta and arch	+
	Solitary	Arch	+
	n/a	No increased uptake	−
HES	Multiple	Arch, ascending and descending aorta, L brachiocephalic a, L carotid a, and L laryngeal a	−
RA and PsO	Multiple	Abdominal aorta and L iliac artery	−	RLL, RUL opacities
Behçet's disease	Multiple	Aortic bifurcation, b/l iliac aa	+
PCNSV	Multiple	Common carotid a and R carotid a	+
IgG4 related disease	Multiple	Main pulmonary r, R pulmonary a, L pulmonary a	+	RUL, bibasilar opacities
Infectious aortitis	Solitary	SMA	+	b/l opacities
		SMA	+
		Root	−
Mycotic aneurysm	Multiple	Root, ascending and abdominal aorta	+
Adrenal tumor	Solitary	Abdominal, descending aorta	+
Breast Ca	Solitary	Arch	+
		Ascending aorta	−	RUL opacity
		Thoracic aorta	−
		Abdominal aorta	−
Cervical Ca	Solitary	Thoracic and abdominal aorta	−
CML	Multiple	Abdominal aortal, b/l iliac aa	−
Colon Ca	Solitary	Thoracic aorta	−	RUL opacity
Endometrial Ca	Solitary	L common carotid a	+
Hodgkin’s	Solitary	Ascending aorta	−
Laryngeal Ca	Solitary	L subclavian a	+
Melanoma	Solitary	R common carotid a	+
Melanoma	Multiple	Ascending and descending aorta	−	LLL opacity
NHL	Solitary	Thoracic aorta	−	RML, RLL opacities
	Solitary	Abdominal aorta	−
	Multiple	Abdominal aorta	−
	Multiple	b/l carotid aa	−
NSCLC	Solitar	Abdominal aorta	+
	Solitar	Arch and ascending aorta	+
	Multiple	Ascending and descending aorta	−
		Arch, L brachiocephalic v	+	RUL opacity
		Abdominal aorta, b/l iliac aa	+
Oropharyngeal Ca	Multiple	b/l brachial aa	−
Ovarian Ca	Multiple	Abdominal aorta, b/l iliac aa	+
SCLC	Solitary	L subclavian v	+
SqCC of thymus	Solitary	Ascending aorta	−
Stomach Ca	Solitary	L carotid a	+

a, artery; aa, arteries; b/l, bilateral; Ca, carcinoma; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; FUO, fevers of unknown origin; GCA; giant cell arteritis; GGO, ground glass opacities; GPA, granulomatosis with polyangiitis; HES, hypereosinophilic syndrome; l, left; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; n/a, non-applicable; NSCLC, non small cell lung carcinoma; PCNSV, primary central nervous system vasculitis; PsO, psoriasis; r, right; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; RLL, right lower lobe; RML, right middle lobe; RUL, right upper lobe; SCLC, small cell lung carcinoma; SMA, superior mesenteric artery; SQCC, squamous cell carcinoma; TAK, Takayasu arteritis.

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Table 2 Arterial involvement according to clinical background.

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