Figure 4

(a) Microstructures of PMMA fibres recaptured from Li et al.’s FFES work²³. (Adapted with permission from Royal Society of Chemical, Copyright 2014). (b) Microstructures of PMMA fibres recaptured from Bae et al.’s FFES work²⁴ (Adapted by permission from Springer Nature, Copyright 2013). (c1 and c2) Microstructures of PCL fibres recaptured from Putti et al.’s FFES work²⁵ (Adapted by permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2015). (d) Mapping of the estimated A_w versus \(\overline{P}\) associated with PMMA or PCL undergoing different FFES conditions. The circular symbols indicate values derived from experimental conditions of (a); triangular symbols from conditions of (b); square symbols from conditions of (c1); and cross symbols from conditions of (c2). The dotted red-line indicates the transition condition of \(A_{w} \approx \overline{P}\).