Table 3 Species richness and diversity in gut contents of anchovy (E.enc: Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (S.pil: Sardina pilchardus), averaged by prey groups (number of prey species), areas and methods. ‘Total’ denotes results for all the areas together. Shannon diversity index, calculated for gut contents analysed under the microscope, is presented as the mean ± standard error. Pairwise beta-diversity was calculated for anchovy and sardine according to Koleff et al.39.

From: A trophic latitudinal gradient revealed in anchovy and sardine from the Western Mediterranean Sea using a multi-proxy approach

 

Microscope analysis

DNA metabarcoding

GSA07

GSA06-North

GSA06-South

Total

GSA07

GSA06-North

GSA06-South

Total

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

E.enc

S.pil

Calanoids

8

7

16

11

14

13

16

13

10

14

19

22

25

26

28

29

Cyclopoids

2

2

3

4

4

4

5

5

1

2

4

2

4

5

5

5

Harpacticoids

3

4

5

5

3

5

5

6

1

2

4

3

4

4

5

4

Euphausiacea ord

3

0

5

3

5

6

5

6

0

0

3

0

2

2

3

2

Decapoda ord

1

0

4

4

4

4

4

4

7

9

15

11

12

16

19

19

Other Malacostraca

3

0

2

1

2

0

4

1

3

1

1

1

2

3

5

4

Crustacean remains

0

1

1

0

2

2

2

3

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Mollusca ph

2

1

2

1

2

2

2

2

0

1

3

5

9

6

10

7

Cladocerans

1

0

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

4

3

4

2

3

3

4

Actinopterygii cl

0

1

1

2

2

2

2

2

4

4

4

5

7

5

12

9

Others

0

1

1

1

2

2

2

3

6

11

22

30

26

23

31

35

*Diatoms

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

26

32

36

39

32

36

38

41

Species Richness

23

17

41

33

41

41

48

46

33

48

78

83

93

93

121

118

Shannon Diversity

1.27 ± 0.09

1.29 ± 0.08

1.57 ± 0.10

1.50 ± 0.11

1.72 ± 0.11

1.77 ± 0.07

1.52 ± 0.17

1.56 ± 0.17

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Beta-Diversity

0.35

0.24

0.17

0.14

0.44

0.28

0.27

0.20

  1. *Diatoms were excluded in diversity calculations.
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