Table 3 Summary of outcomes at the different timepoints and changes in outcomes over time.
From: Nature-based activities improve the well-being of older adults
Domain | Outcome measure | Baseline (n = 47) | Timepoint 1 3 months (n = 47) | Timepoint 2 6 months (n = 47) | Timepoint 3 9 months (n = 38) | Timepoint 4 12 months (n = 44) | F | p-value | Partial Eta-squared |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cognitive | MMSE (n = 44) | 24.47 (4.007) | – | 25.34 (3.835) | – | 25.27 (3.878) | 4.82 | .011 | .101 |
CDR (n = 44) | .045 (.145) | – | .080 (.185) | – | .148 (.255) | 4.226 | .027 | .089 | |
Functional | BI (n = 38) | 99.08 (2.561) | 98.68 (3.618) | 99.61 (1.794) | 99.47 (1.942) | 99.47 (1.942) | 1.039 | .377 | .027 |
PSQI (n = 38) | 4.92 (2.318) | 4.61 (2.308) | 4.26 (2.321) | 4.82 (2.228) | 4.71 (2.205) | .881 | .467 | .023 | |
Psycho-social & Physical | SDS (n = 38) | 33.55 (7.738) | 31.66 (7.099) | 31.97 (7.618) | 31.42 (7.024) | 32.13 (8.201) | 1.444 | .227 | .038 |
SAS (n = 38) | 29.11 (4.267) | 29.42 (6.074) | 26.92 (4.738) | 27.24 (4.890) | 28.00 (5.297) | 4.269 | .007 | .103 | |
FS (n = 38) | 19.37 (4.564) | 18.24 (4.896) | 19.11 (5.061) | 19.26 (4.341) | 19.71 (4.843) | 1.719 | .154 | .044 | |
EQ VAS (n = 38) | 74.08 (14.372) | 78.37 (14.059) | 75.39 (16.207) | 76.97 (16.214) | 75.92 (15.547) | .961 | .417 | .025 |
