Figure 5
From: Fine-tuning of AMPK–ULK1–mTORC1 regulatory triangle is crucial for autophagy oscillation
The possible mechanism of generating delayed AMPK-P–ULK1-P negative feedback loop. The wiring diagram of AMPK-P–mTORC1–ULK1-P regulatory triangle (a,c) and the detailed mechanism or delayed negative feedback loop between AMPK-P and ULK1-P (b,d) are plotted when the delay on ULK1-P activation is achieved by (a,b) an extra regulatory element or (c,d) multi-phosphorylation of ULK1. The AMPK-P, mTORC1 and ULK1-P are denoted by isolated orange, red and green boxes, respectively. ATG (see purple box) refers to autophagy activator complex. Dashed line shows how the components can influence each other, while blocked end lines denote inhibition.
