Figure 7
From: Fine-tuning of AMPK–ULK1–mTORC1 regulatory triangle is crucial for autophagy oscillation
The multi-phoshporylation of ULK1 results in an oscillatory characteristic both in starvation and rapamycin treatment. The effect of delayed AMPK-P → ULK1-P → ULK1-PP → ULK1-PPP ┤ AMPK-P negative feedback loop was systematically analysed upon various stress events. The computational simulations are determined upon (a) physiological conditions, (b) starvation (STARV = 0.1), (c) rapamycin treatment (mTORT = 0.3) and (d) when mTORC1 inhibition is combined with AMPK-P activation (mTORT = 0.3, kaak = 0.4). The relative activity of mTORC1, AMPK-P, ULK1-PPP (the active form of ULK1) and autophagy activator complex (ATG) is shown.
