Table 2 3D echocardiographic and arterial stiffness parameters, and cardiac biomarkers of patients from study group, group I (with cardiotoxicity), and group II (without cardiotoxicity).

From: 3D echocardiography, arterial stiffness, and biomarkers in early diagnosis and prediction of CHOP-induced cardiotoxicity in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Parameters

CHOP chemotherapy

Study group

(n = 110)

Group I

(n = 18)

Group II

(n = 92)

p-value†

LVEDV (ml)

Baseline

91 ± 19

96 ± 18

90 ± 20

0.65

3rd cycle

94 ± 16

100 ± 16

92 ± 14

0.22

Final

100 ± 19

107 ± 15*

97 ± 20

0.01

LVESV (ml)

Baseline

31 ± 7

35 ± 6

33 ± 8

0.43

3rd cycle

37 ± 8

41 ± 7

36 ± 8

0.06

Final

43 ± 9*

45 ± 8*

42 ± 9*

0.01

LVEF (%)

Baseline

62 ± 2

61 ± 2

62 ± 3

0.40

3rd cycle

58 ± 2*

55 ± 1*

58 ± 2*

0.003

Final

55 ± 3*

48 ± 1*

56 ± 2*56 ± 2*

0.0001

LS (-%)

Baseline

22.6 ± 1.4

22.7 ± 1.2

22.6 ± 1.5

0.71

3rd cycle

18.2 ± 2.7*

14.8 ± 1.8*

19.7 ± 1.8*

0.0001

Final

15.6 ± 3.2*

11.5 ± 1.2*

16.5 ± 2.1*

0.0001

CS (-%)

Baseline

22.3 ± 1.5

22.2 ± 1.0

22.3 ± 1.6

0.83

3rd cycle

18.3 ± 2.2*

15.0 ± 1.4*

19.3 ± 1.2*

0.001

Final

15.6 ± 2.6*

11.9 ± 1.1*

16.2 ± 1.5*

0.001

RS (%)

Baseline

61.1 ± 4.8

61.3 ± 5.1

61.0 ± 4.7

0.81

3rd cycle

53.1 ± 5.7

48.6 ± 6.8

54.5 ± 4.6

0.001

Final

47.0 ± 6.5*

44.7 ± 8.2*

50.7 ± 4.9*

0.01

AS (-%)

Baseline

43.4 ± 2.9

42.8 ± 2.6

44.1 ± 1.9

0.61

3rd cycle

37.5 ± 3.6

37.4 ± 2.7*

38.3 ± 2.2

0.39

Final

33.6 ± 3.5*

31.8 ± 3.2*

35.3 ± 1.7*

0.01

PWV (m/sec)

Baseline

6.7 ± 1.1

6.4 ± 1.1

6.8 ± 1.1

0.17

3rd cycle

7.2 ± 1.2*

7.4 ± 1.4*

7.1 ± 1.1

0.05

Final

7.8 ± 1.5*

8.9 ± 1.6*

7.4 ± 1.3*

0.002

AIX (%)

Baseline

19.6 ± 6.6

15.9 ± 5.2

20.7 ± 6.7

0.20

3rd cycle

26.1 ± 7.9*

29.6 ± 7.8*

25.0 ± 7.7

0.06

Final

32.5 ± 10.2*

39.7 ± 7.9*

29.4 ± 8.7*

0.01

β index

Baseline

9.4 ± 2.7

7.5 ± 1.9

10.0 ± 2.6

0.3

3rd cycle

12.4 ± 5.0*

14.8 ± 8.5*

11.7 ± 3.1*

0.02

Final

15.2 ± 7.3*

20.7 ± 12.0*

13.5 ± 4.0*

0.001

Ep (kPa)

Baseline

82.1 ± 16.8

85.2 ± 13.7

80.7 ± 17.2

0.06

3rd cycle

94.2 ± 22.3*

101.5 ± 15.9*

85.6 ± 14.9

0.02

Final

107.4 ± 19.8*

110.3 ± 18.6*

104.8 ± 18.5*

0.03

AC (mm2/kPa)

Baseline

0.86 ± 0.1

0.84 ± 0.2

0.86 ± 0.2

0.07

3rd cycle

0.99 ± 0.2*

1.2 ± 0.1*

0.9 ± 0.3

0.01

Final

1.2 ± 0.18*

1.3 ± 0.2*1.3 ± 0.2*

1.1 ± 0.4*

0.006

WI (m/sec)

Baseline

5.5 ± 1.3

5.6 ± 1.4

5.0 ± 1.8

0.24

3rd cycle

6.4 ± 1.7*

7.2 ± 1.5*

6.2 ± 1.7

0.03

Final

8.5 ± 1.9*

8.8 ± 1.5*

7.8 ± 1.5*

0.001

Negative area (mmHg x m/s2)

Baseline

82.3 ± 2.6

84.3 ± 3.5

81.2 ± 2.7

0.08

3rd cycle

89.4 ± 3.0*

92.5 ± 2,6*

87.4 ± 3.3

0.05

Final

95.2 ± 3.4*

97.1 ± 3.1*

92.6 ± 2.8*

0.04

Tn I (ng/ml)

Baseline

0.018 ± 0.005

0.007 ± 0.002

0.003 ± 0.001

0.07

3rd cycle

0.036 ± 0.005*

0.045 ± 0.005

0.021 ± 0.005

0.09

Final

0.058 ± 0.017*

0.078 ± 0.006*

0.025 ± 0.004

0.004

NT-pro-BNP (pg/ml)

Baseline

67 ± 21

74 ± 15

58 ± 14

0.66

3rd cycle

89 ± 20

94 ± 17

83 ± 15

0.50

Final

102 ± 26

110 ± 14

98 ± 23

0.19

  1. AC arterial compliance; AIX augmentation index; AS area strain; CS circumferential strain; Ep Young modulus of stiffness; LS longitudinal strain; LV left ventricle; LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV left ventricle end-systolic volume; NT-pro-BNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; PWV pulse wave velocity; RS radial strain; Tn I troponin I; WI wave intensity.
  2. *p < 0.05 within each group versus baseline.
  3. †p-value between groups I and II; values are shown as mean ± SD.
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