Table 1 Entropy calculations

From: Discerning the thermodynamic feasibility of the spontaneous coexistence of multiple functional vegetation groups

Energy category

Symbol

Entropy equation

Latent heat

\(J_{LE}\)

\(\frac{E_{LE}}{T_{eq,LE}}\)

Sensible heat

\(J_{H}\)

\(\frac{E_{H}}{T_{eq,H}}\)

Direct shortwave

\(J_{SW\,direct}\)

\(\frac{4}{3}\frac{E_{SW\,direct}}{T_{sun}}\)

Incoming longwave

\(J_{LW in}\)

\(\frac{4}{3}\frac{E_{LWin}}{T_{atm}} \times X(\epsilon )\)

Outgoing longwave

\(J_{LW out}\)

\(\frac{4}{3}\frac{E_{LWout}}{T_{eq,LWout}} \times X(\epsilon )\)

Diffuse shortwave

\(J_{SW diffuse}\)

\(\frac{4}{3}\frac{E_{SWdiffuse}}{T_{sun}} \times X(\xi )\)

  1. X: reflection factor as a function of \(\xi\) or \(\epsilon\) from Landsberg and Tongue45 and Wright et al.46.
  2. \(\xi\): dilution factor based on scattering37,45,47,48
  3. \(\epsilon\): emissivity
  4. \(T_{sun}\): temperature of the sun (5760 K)
  5. \(T_{atm}\): observed atmospheric temperature
  6. \(T_{eq,j}\): equivalent temperature of the system for energy category \(j \in \{LW_{out}, LE, H\}\); see Eq. 5.
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