Table 2 The effects of Jumping experience (JE) and Additional weight (AW) treatments on the adjustments of (a) Angular leg speed, (b) Take-off angle, and (c) Take-off velocity of the water striders between First and Second jumps.

From: Water strider females use individual experience to adjust jumping behaviour to their weight within physical constraints of water surface tension

Variables

Females

Males

Dependent

Independent

Estimate ± SD

95% CI

Estimate ± SD

95% CI

(a) Angular leg speed difference

Intercept

4.92 ± 3.77

− 2.73, 12.06

− 2.45 ± 4.86

− 12.28, 6.82

AW

− 4.82 ± 11.68

− 28.43, 17.75

0.99 ± 8.68

− 16.71, 17.44

JE

− 17.60 ± 7.12

− 32.13, − 4.35

− 4.75 ± 12.98

− 27.78, 23.08

AW × JE

29.94 ± 14.69

1.48, 59.26

− 0.11 ± 16.31

− 33.87, 29.62

(b) Takeoff Angle difference

Intercept

7.48 ± 5.55

− 4.07, 17.65

− 8.98 ± 3.79

− 16.25, − 1.30

AW

− 8.90 ± 19.61

− 50.67, 26.13

1.52 ± 9.61

− 18.41, 20.06

JE

− 12.62 ± 10.95

− 33.98, 9.16

14.54 ± 14.77

− 12.78, 45.44

AW × JE

40.05 ± 25.50

− 8.63, 91.91

− 11.84 ± 19.65

− 51.31, 26.16

(c) Takeoff Velocity difference

Intercept

0.07 ± 0.07

− 0.06, 0.21

− 0.05 ± 0.06

− 0.18, 0.07

AW

− 0.18 ± 0.18

− 0.56, 0.16

− 0.03 ± 0.003

− 0.29, 0.22

JE

− 0.26 ± 0.11

− 0.48, − 0.05

0.02 ± 0.20

− 0.32, 0.44

AW × JE

0.54 ± 0.25

0.07, 1.04

− 0.08 ± 0.004

− 0.60, 0.40

  1. Adjustment is measured by a difference between the Second and First jump for each individual (Fig. 1). Bold texts indicate statistically significant effects. Results obtained from linear regression analysis using 10,000 bootstrap iterations. Estimated coefficient values and their standard deviations (SD) as well as 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) are shown for females and males separately. Additional statistical analyses are shown in Supplementary Materials PART 2. The table corresponds to Fig. 3.
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