Table 1 Characteristics of the clinical groups.

From: Hydroxyurea treatment is associated with reduced degree of oxidative perturbation in children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia

Parameter

Unit

Healthy control (n = 40)

SCA No HU (n = 27)

SCA HU (n = 20)

P-value

SpO2

%

98 (97–98)

93.5 (88.2–96.0)

94.5 (93.0–97.0)

0.001

BMI

Kg/m2

17.2 (14.8–20.2)

17.3 (15.1–19.0)

16.1 (14.6–17.6)

0.34

Hemoglobin

mg/dL

12.4 (11.7–14.2)

8.0 (7.5–8.5)

8.0 (6.9–8.5)

< 0.001

Hematocrit

%

38.8 (35.5–41.7)

22.6 (21.7–25.0)

23.9 (22.0–27.0)

< 0.001

MCV

fL

84.3 (78.2–89.4)

88.8 (80.1–92.4)

96.9 (90.5–101.4)

0.005a

MCHC

pg

33.1 (32.0–34.2)

33.8 (30.9–35.5)

33.9 (33.3–35.5)

0.24

Leukocytes

109/L

7.0 (6.2–8.0)

13.0 (10.3–14.9)

11.5 (9.6–15.4)

< 0.001

Platelet

109/L

284.0 (248.5–338.3)

440.0 (339.5–531.5)

494.0 (444.0–582.0)

0.001

Reticulocytes

%

0.8 (0.7–6.1)

5.9 (3.2–9.1)

5.9 (2.8–11.0)

0.02

AST

U/L

22.0 (15.0–29.5)

52.0 (40.6–69.1)

48.0 (29.3–68.0)

< 0.001

ALT

U/L

15.0 (12.0–18.0)

24.5 (16.5–34.3)

21.0 (15.5–35.5)

0.01

Total bilirubin

mg/dL

0.48 (0.22–0.83)

2.8 (2.4–5.0)

3.6 (1.6–3.8)

< 0.001

Direct bilirubin

mg/dL

0.08 (0.04–0.24)

0.64 (0.5–0.93)

0.32 (0.28–0.5)

< 0.001a

Indirect bilirubin

mg/dL

0.35 (0.2–0.5)

2.0 (1.6–4.5)

3.1 (1.4–3.5)

< 0.001

Total cholesterol

mg/dL

149.0 (128.1–174.8)

123.5 (105.9–135.8)

109.5 (97.4–129.0)

< 0.001

LDL-c

mg/dL

83.2 (74.1–92.4)

73.1 (54.0–84.3)

60.6 (50.9–69.0)

< 0.001

HDL-c

mg/dL

43.3 (37.7–56.1)

30.4 (22.2–36.0)

30.2 (28.3–36.9)

< 0.001

Triglycerides

mg/dL

67.8 (49.7–85.9)

101.6 (86.1–139.2)

94.5 (73.8–115.6)

< 0.001

CRP

mg/L

0.8 (0.22–2.0)

2.2 (0.9–3.7)

2.0 (1.1–8.4)

0.001

  1. Data represents median and interquartile range (IQR) and were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test.
  2. aMarkers presented significant P-value in the Mann–Whitney U test between SCA with and without hydroxyurea therapy. (appear order) SpO2 Oxygen saturation, BMI Body Mass Index, MCV Mean Corpuscular Volume, MCHC Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, LDL-c Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-c High density lipoprotein-cholesterol, CRP C Reactive Protein, HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1, SOD Superoxide Dismutase, GSH Glutathione, MDA Malondialdehyde, LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor, sCD14 Soluble CD14.
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