Table 2 Crude and adjusted odd ratios (95% confidence intervals) of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity for thyroid cancer.

From: Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer

Characteristics

N of thyroid cancer

N of control

ORs of thyroid cancer

(Exposure/total, %)

(Exposure/total, %)

Crude†

P-value

Adjusted†‡

P-value

Smoking status

273/4977 (5.5%)

1618/19,908 (8.1%)

0.60 (0.52–0.69)

 < 0.001*

0.62 (0.54–0.72)

 < 0.001*

Alcohol consumption

589/4977 (11.8%)

2791/19,908 (14.0%)

0.79 (0.71–0.88)

 < 0.001*

0.83 (0.75–0.92)

 < 0.001*

Obesity (BMI, kg/m2)

   

 < 0.001*

 

 < 0.001*

 < 18.5 (underweight)

61/4977 (1.2%)

350/19,908 (1.8%)

0.74 (0.56–0.98)

0.037*

0.75 (0.57–0.99)

0.042*

 ≥ 18.5 to < 23 (normal)

1662/4977 (33.4%)

7097/19,908 (35.7%)

1.00

 

1.00

 

 ≥ 23 to < 25 (overweight)

1420/4977 (28.5%)

5608/19,908 (28.2%)

1.09 (1.00–1.17)

0.045*

1.08 (1.00–1.17)

0.050*

 ≥ 25 to < 30 (obese I)

1643/4977 (33.0%)

6196/19,908 (31.1%)

1.14 (1.05–1.23)

0.001*

1.13 (1.05–1.22)

0.002*

 ≥ 30 (obese II)

191/4977 (3.8%)

657/19,908 (3.3%)

1.25 (1.05–1.48)

0.011*

1.24 (1.04–1.47)

0.014*

  1. *Conditional logistic regression analysis, Significance at P < 0.05.
  2. †Stratified model for age, sex, income, and region of residence.
  3. ‡Adjusted model for Charlson comorbidity index, obesity, smoking state (current smoker compared to nonsmoker or past smoker) and frequency of alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time a week compared to < 1 time a week).
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