Figure 6
Case study for higher-order introduction patterns of species. Propagation steps through the second-order node of Murmansk|Hammerfest (a1), (a2), (a3). Propagation steps through the second-order node of Murmansk|Tromso (b1), (b2), (a3). Propagation steps through the first-order node of Murmansk (c1), (c2), (c3). The numbers in each case show the propagation step [e.g. the first step of propagation through Murmansk is shown in (c1)]. The size of the ports indicates the risk of species dispersal at each propagation step. The high-risk dispersal pathways are colored in red. In figures (c1), (c2), and (c3) the longest dispersal pathway (going outside the bottom border of the figures) connects Murmansk to Anadyr. Figure generated by ArcMap Desktop56.
