Figure 2
From: Early prediction of macrocrack location in concrete, rocks and other granular composite materials
(Color online) The ultimate macrocrack \({\mathcal {C}}\) in a three-point bending test on a concrete beam above the notch at crack-mouth opening displacement (CMOD = 0.10 mm). (a) 2D cross sections of the \(\mu\)CT-image at depth of 3 mm from beam face side: macro-voids (macrocrack) are shown in black (red). (b) Planar DEM model with the spherical aggregates and the corresponding real aggregates in the same positions. (c) Planar DEM and (d) 3D DEM with the aggregates having the same shapes as the real aggregates. (e) Full 3D \(\mu\)CT-image and (f) real macrocrack. 3D DEM with (g) the spherical aggregates in the same position, and (h) the aggregates having the same shapes as the real aggregates.
