Figure 2

ECG and hemodynamic recordings from a representative canine experiment are shown in the left panel with circumferential acceleration and calculated velocity and displacement. Dashed, vertical lines represent the reference points marking the opening and closing of the mitral and aortic valves. The right panel shows a schematic of the instrumentation. MVC mitral valve closure, AVO aortic valve opening, AVC aortic valve closure, MVO mitral valve opening.