Figure 5

Alignment of the lysine-rich loop from protists and Plasmodium species infecting mammals. (A) Phylogenetic tree of the CCT enzymes were put into context regarding the presence of an insertion in the catalytic domain. Orange background indicates the lack of insertion in higher eukaryotic organisms and Trypanosoma brucei. Babesia bovis evolved in a similar direction and has a smaller, less basic insertion highlighted by a grey background. Blue background represents that Toxoplasma gondii and many species of the Plasmodium genus have a longer, lysine-rich insertion. N-term and C-term indicates that whether the C- or the N-terminal repeat unit is included in the alignment of the protein sequences. The numbers indicate the mean number of substitutions per site. Phylogenetic tree was created with iToL tool⁵² and was manually annotated. (B) The lysine-rich character of the motif is conserved amongst Plasmodium species and is present in at least one of the two repeat units of the Plasmodial CCT enzymes. Blue and red letters highlight the basic and acidic residues, respectively. Numbers in the parenthesis show the length and the net charge of the insertion of each CCT protein and repeat unit. Visual representation of the alignment was generated with ESpript 3.0 and manually annotated⁴⁵.