Table 2 Comparison of the maternal and neonatal characteristics across SGA and AGA group.

From: Association between maternal blood lipids levels during pregnancy and risk of small-for-gestational-age infants

Variable, mean ± SD or n (%)

SGA

AGA

P value†

Total n

321

4961

 

Maternal characteristics

Maternal age at delivery (years)

28.60 ± 3.20

28.74 ± 3.18

0.471

 < 25

21 (6.5)

318 (6.4)

0.360

25–29

202 (62.9)

2888 (58.2)

 

30–34

83 (25.9)

1500 (30.2)

 

 ≥ 35

15 (4.7)

255 (5.1)

 

Maternal height (m)

1.60 ± 0.04

1.61 ± 0.05

 < 0.001

Pre-pregnancy weight (kg)

49.68 ± 6.07

52.86 ± 7.03

 < 0.001

Weight before delivery (kg)

63.26 ± 7.18

67.60 ± 7.64

 < 0.001

Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)

19.47 ± 2.22

20.37 ± 2.50

 < 0.001

Underweight (< 18.5)

109 (34.0)

1141 (23.0)

 < 0.001

Normal weight (18.5 -24.9)

207 (64.5)

3611 (72.8)

 

Overweight or obesity (≥ 25.0)

5 (1.6)

209 (4.2)

 

Gestational weight gain (kg)

13.58 ± 3.31

14.75 ± 3.90

 < 0.001

Inadequate

96 (29.9)

929 (18.7)

 < 0.001

Appropriate

179 (55.8)

2719 (54.8)

 

Excessive

46 (14.3)

1313 (26.5)

 

Education

0.867

Under college

15 (4.7)

220 (4.4)

 

College or equivalent

268 (83.5)

4456 (82.7)

 

Above college

38 (11.8)

636 (12.8)

 

Medical insurance

0.391

Yes

306 (95.3)

4776 (96.3)

 

No

15 (4.7)

185 (3.7)

 

Marital status

0.002

Married

313 (97.5)

4925 (99.3)

 

Others (Unmarried, divorced or widowed)

8 (2.5)

36 (0.7)

 

Race

0.120

Hans

316 (98.4)

4929 (99.4)

 

Others

5 (1.6)

32 (0.6)

 

Gravidity

0.042

1

228 (71.0)

3148 (63.5)

 

2

74 (23.1)

1240 (25.0)

 

 ≥ 3

19 (0.3)

970 (19.5)

 

Parity

 < 0.001

Nulliparous

307 (95.6)

4446 (89.6)

 

Multiparous

14 (4.4)

515 (10.4)

 

Anemia

87 (27.1)

1708 (34.4)

0.007

ALB (g/L)

38.48 ± 2.31

38.43 ± 2.19

0.694

FBG (mmol/L)

4.31 ± 0.31

4.39 ± 0.30

 < 0.001

Infant characteristics

Gender

0.001

Male

116 (36.1)

2537 (51.1)

 

Female

205 (63.9)

2424 (48.9)

 

Gestational age at birth (days)

277.71 ± 6.95

277.70 ± 7.34

0.981

Birth weight (g)

2681.18 ± 160.22

3342.53 ± 295.67

 < 0.001

  1. BMI body mass index, ALB albumin, FBG Fasting blood glucose. SGA/AGA small/appropriate for gestational age.
  2. †P values were calculated using one-way ANOVA (for continuous variables) or χ2 test (for categorical variables), and P < 0.05 indicates that the mean values (for continuous variables) or proportions (for categorical variables) of a variable were significantly different between SGA group and AGA group.
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