Figure 1
From: EpOMEs act as immune suppressors in a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua
Detection of EpOMEs in larval fat body of S. exigua. (A) A hypothetical pathway of EpOME biosynthesis in S. exigua. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes phospholipid (PL) to release linoleic acid (LA), which is oxidized by cytochrome P450 monooxidase (CYP) to produce EpOME. The epoxy ring of EpOME is then hydroxylated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to form dihydroxy-octadecamonoenoate (DiHOME). (B) Two EpOMEs: 9,10-EpOME and 12,13-EpOME (C) EpOME levels in fat body collected from larvae immunized with bacteria. L5 larvae were challenged with 5 × 105 E. coli cells. After 8 h PI, fat body tissues were collected and used to measure EpOME levels using LC–MS/MS. Each EpOME assessment was replicated with three independent samples. Different letters above standard deviation bars indicate significant difference among means at Type I error = 0.05 (LSD test). Chromatograms of EpOME analyses are presented in Supplementary Fig. S1.
