Table 1 Associations of age (showing linear and quadratic contrasts), territory quality, and body mass with song traits in male Seychelles warblers.
Song trait | Predictors | Estimate | SE | t | df | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trill duration (s) | Age (linear) | − 4.93 | 2.23 | − 2.21 | 3.42 | 0.103 |
Age (quadratic) | − 7.55 | 2.56 | − 2.95 | 7.34 | 0.020 | |
Territory quality | − 0.03 | 0.03 | − 0.86 | 2.83 | 0.459 | |
Mass | − 0.19 | 0.07 | − 2.84 | 3.50 | 0.055 | |
Song duration (s) | Age (linear) | − 10.18 | 3.27 | − 3.11 | 2.99 | 0.053 |
Age (quadratic) | − 13.07 | 3.74 | − 3.49 | 6.52 | 0.011 | |
Territory quality | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.34 | 2.93 | 0.756 | |
Mass | − 0.39 | 0.10 | − 3.90 | 3.12 | 0.028 | |
Trill rate (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 11.85 | 24.00 | − 0.49 | 1.83 | 0.674 |
Age (quadratic) | 25.93 | 27.48 | 0.94 | 3.96 | 0.399 | |
Territory quality | 1.10 | 0.36 | 3.02 | 1.52 | 0.130 | |
Mass | 0.80 | 0.72 | 1.10 | 1.88 | 0.393 | |
Min. song frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | 33.01 | 1111.61 | 0.03 | 4.18 | 0.978 |
Age (quadratic) | − 926.88 | 0.03 | − 0.69 | 6.34 | 0.514 | |
Territory quality | 24.33 | 18.60 | 1.31 | 4.87 | 0.249 | |
Mass | 10.06 | 37.77 | 0.27 | 3.93 | 0.803 | |
Max. song frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 4536.48 | 2266.29 | − 2.00 | 80.00 | 0.049 |
Age (quadratic) | − 8273.96 | 3107.61 | − 2.66 | 80.00 | 0.009 | |
Territory quality | 100.64 | 39.11 | 2.57 | 80.00 | 0.012 | |
Mass | − 223.98 | 75.33 | − 2.87 | 80.00 | 0.004 | |
Song bandwidth (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 3783.17 | 2724.26 | − 1.39 | 3.32 | 0.251 |
Age (quadratic) | − 7068.12 | 2957.47 | − 2.39 | 5.87 | 0.055 | |
Territory quality | 77.85 | 42.80 | 1.82 | 3.48 | 0.154 | |
Mass | − 165.89 | 82.19 | − 2.02 | 3.52 | 0.123 | |
Min. trill frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | 229.16 | 3245.91 | 0.07 | 5.78 | 0.946 |
Age (quadratic) | 1024.88 | 3300.16 | 0.31 | 7.83 | 0.764 | |
Territory quality | 42.80 | 49.94 | 0.88 | 5.82 | 0.415 | |
Mass | 103.94 | 96.87 | 1.07 | 6.04 | 0.324 | |
Max. trill frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 3973.05 | 4917.64 | − 0.81 | 6.51 | 0.448 |
Age (quadratic) | − 730.18 | 4908.22 | − 0.15 | 5.07 | 0.887 | |
Territory quality | 28.70 | 75.48 | 0.38 | 5.13 | 0.719 | |
Mass | 41.75 | 146.15 | 0.29 | 5.27 | 0.786 | |
Trill bandwidth (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 2410.83 | 2117.60 | − 1.14 | 2.70 | 0.346 |
Age (quadratic) | − 6919.69 | 2520.26 | − 2.75 | 6.72 | 0.030 | |
Territory quality | 7.50 | 31.66 | 0.24 | 1.96 | 0.835 | |
Mass | − 130.14 | 63.97 | − 2.03 | 2.69 | 0.145 | |
Peak trill frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 1417.67 | 3340.24 | − 0.42 | 5.05 | 0.689 |
Age (quadratic) | − 7646.32 | 3400.26 | − 2.25 | 6.88 | 0.060 | |
Territory quality | 59.76 | 51.40 | 1.16 | 5.08 | 0.297 | |
Mass | − 133.38 | 99.70 | − 1.34 | 5.27 | 0.236 | |
Peak song frequency (Hz) | Age (linear) | − 3284.62 | 2821.42 | − 1.16 | 4.15 | 0.307 |
Age (quadratic) | − 7806.64 | 3028.54 | − 2.58 | 6.98 | 0.037 | |
Territory quality | 28.83 | 44.27 | 0.65 | 4.38 | 0.547 | |
Mass | − 141.36 | 85.01 | − 1.66 | 4.40 | 0.165 | |
Vocal deviation | Age (linear) | 25.93 | 25.07 | 1.03 | 3.98 | 0.360 |
Age (quadratic) | 55.96 | 30.02 | 1.86 | 9.96 | 0.092 | |
Territory quality | − 0.77 | 0.37 | − 2.07 | 2.82 | 0.136 | |
Mass | 0.83 | 0.76 | 1.10 | 3.94 | 0.335 | |
Minimum vocal deviation | Age (linear) | 37.13 | 33.80 | 1.10 | 6.00 | 0.314 |
Age (quadratic) | 57.96 | 31.75 | 1.83 | 6.00 | 0.118 | |
Territory quality | − 0.59 | 0.52 | − 1.15 | 6.00 | 0.295 | |
Mass | − 0.12 | 0.99 | − 0.12 | 6.00 | 0.908 | |
Mean vocal deviation | Age (linear) | 14.42 | 29.47 | 0.49 | 6.00 | 0.642 |
Age (quadratic) | 49.74 | 27.68 | 1.80 | 6.00 | 0.122 | |
Territory quality | − 0.80 | 0.45 | − 1.78 | 6.00 | 0.125 | |
Mass | 0.30 | 0.87 | 0.35 | 6.00 | 0.738 | |
Repertoire size | Age (linear) | − 1.22 | 1.29 | − 0.95 | 6.00 | 0.381 |
Age (quadratic) | − 1.13 | 1.22 | − 0.93 | 6.00 | 0.387 | |
Territory quality | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.77 | 6.00 | 0.473 | |
Mass | − 0.02 | 0.04 | − 0.41 | 6.00 | 0.698 |
