Figure 1

Anaemia is an important symptom of myeloma and correlates with worse outcomes in myeloma patients. (A) The clinical data of a large cohort of myeloma patients showed the levels of haemoglobin in normal donors (n = 10) and NDMM patients (n = 1363). (B) The clinical analysis showed that 84.4% (1150/1363) of NDMM patients had anaemia at diagnosis, and 55.2% (753/1363) of patients had moderate (90–120 g/L) or severe (60–90 g/L) anaemia. (C) The decrease in haemoglobin in NDMM patients was positively correlated with the disease stage. R-ISS stage (left) or DS stage (right). (D) The levels of haemoglobin in NDMM patients were negatively correlated with myeloma cell infiltration in the bone marrow (r = − 0.1545, p < 0.0001, n = 1363). (E) Kaplan–Meier analysis showed shorter survival of myeloma patients with decreased haemoglobin levels.