Figure 3
From: Nonreciprocal elasticity and the realization of static and dynamic nonreciprocity
Metamaterials with nonreciprocal linear and nonlinear elasticities. (a) One sample of the developed metamaterial with a geometrical angle \(\theta =45^\circ\). The material sample is tested under tension and compression such that it is fixed at side A and loaded from side B. Under the tensile test, the tensile load is applied on the highlighted ribs, which are pulled to the right, \(A\to B\). Under the compression test, the compressive load is applied on the same ribs, which are pushed to the left, \(B\to A\). (b) The nonreciprocal elasticity parameter \(\epsilon\) versus the geometrical angle \(\theta\) (experimental results). (c) The elastic stress–strain curves of the tensile tests (\(A\to B\)) and compression tests (\(B\to A\)) of the 3D printed material samples with different geometrical angles \(\theta =0^\circ ,15^\circ ,30^\circ ,45^\circ ,60^\circ ,75^\circ\). (d) Images of the 3D printed material samples. The insets show the asymmetric deformations of the material under tension and compression.
