Table 2 Four-way decomposition of the relationship between COC, polypharmacy, and DDI.

From: Targeting continuity of care and polypharmacy to reduce drug–drug interaction

 

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

βa,b

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

β

p

Mediator at 0

Total excess RR

− 0.565

< 0.001

− 0.576

< 0.001

− 0.581

< 0.001

− 0.602

< 0.001

− 0.619

< 0.001

− 0.612

< 0.001

− 0.622

< 0.001

Excess RR due to controlled direct effect

0.004

0.193

0.004

0.131

0.008

0.003

0.001

0.878

0.007

0.020

0.003

0.251

0.005

0.112

Excess RR due to reference interaction

− 0.533

< 0.001

− 0.546

< 0.001

− 0.551

< 0.001

− 0.564

< 0.001

− 0.589

< 0.001

− 0.578

< 0.001

− 0.589

< 0.001

Excess RR due to mediated interaction

0.043

< 0.001

0.043

< 0.001

0.048

< 0.001

0.052

< 0.001

0.055

< 0.001

0.053

< 0.001

0.057

< 0.001

Excess RR due to pure indirect effect

− 0.079

< 0.001

− 0.078

< 0.001

− 0.086

< 0.001

− 0.090

< 0.001

− 0.092

< 0.001

− 0.091

< 0.001

− 0.096

< 0.001

Mediator at 1

Total excess RR

− 0.565

< 0.001

− 0.576

< 0.001

− 0.581

< 0.001

− 0.602

< 0.001

− 0.619

< 0.001

− 0.612

< 0.001

− 0.622

< 0.001

Excess RR due to controlled direct effect

− 0.568

< 0.001

− 0.579

< 0.001

− 0.583

< 0.001

− 0.602

< 0.001

− 0.621

< 0.001

− 0.612

< 0.001

− 0.620

< 0.001

Excess RR due to reference interaction

0.039

< 0.001

0.038

< 0.001

0.040

< 0.001

0.039

< 0.001

0.039

< 0.001

0.036

< 0.001

0.036

< 0.001

Excess RR due to mediated interaction

0.043

< 0.001

0.043

< 0.001

0.048

< 0.001

0.052

< 0.001

0.055

< 0.001

0.053

< 0.001

0.057

< 0.001

Excess RR due to pure indirect effect

− 0.079

< 0.001

− 0.078

< 0.001

− 0.086

< 0.001

− 0.090

< 0.001

− 0.092

< 0.001

− 0.091

< 0.001

− 0.096

< 0.001

  1. RR relative risk, COC continuity of care, DDI drug–drug interaction.
  2. aβ: model estimates.
  3. bLow COC group is the reference group.