Table 3 Tribes (subtribes) and genera (clades) that were chosen to represent the study habitat type at global scale and within biogeographical realms (Afrotropics, Australasia/IndoMalaya, and Neotropics), respectively.
From: Higher evolutionary rates in life-history traits in insular than in mainland palms
Habitat type | Clade Height (n) − Fruit size (n) | Description* | |
|---|---|---|---|
Global | Continental Islands | Dypsidinae (n = 167) (158) − (110) | The subtribe is confined primarily to Madagascar (a continental island), but with outliers in eastern Africa and islands of the Indian ocean |
Mainland | Iriarteeae (n = 32) (31) − (31) | The tribe is confined to the Neotropical mainland, especially in South America | |
Volcanic Islands | Ptychospermatinae (n = 67) (53) − (44) | This subtribe is widespread in volcanic islands and atolls (e.g. Caroline, Fiji, Mollucas, Samoa, Solomon, and some Philippines islands)**. However, some genera such as the Ptychosperma occurs primarily in the New Guinea (a continental island)**, as well as in East Malesia, Australia | |
Afrotropics | Continental Islands | Dypsis (n = 162) (155) − (105) | The genus is confined primarily to Madagascar |
Mainland | Raphia (n = 20) (17) − (17) | The genus is confined primarily to the African mainland | |
Volcanic Islands | na | ||
Australasia/IndoMalaya | Continental Islands | Calyptrocalyx (n = 26) (26) − (25) | The genus is confined primarily to New Guinea |
Mainland | Livistona (n = 28) (26) − (26) | The great diversity of species occurs in Australia, but the genus is widespread in the Australasia realm including some islands, such as New Guinea and Solomon, as well as an outlier on Africa (Livistonia carinensis) | |
Volcanic Islands | Clinostigma (n = 10) (10) − na | The genus is widespread throughout the volcanic islands and atolls** from the Pacific (e.g. Caroline, Fiji, New Ireland, Samoa, Solomon, Vanuatu) | |
Neotropics | Continental Islands | Coccothrinax (n = 51) (27) − (17) | Species ranging from south Florida to Colombia, but the majority of species are confined to Cuba (a continental island)** |
Mainland | Chamaedorea (n = 106) (101) − (84) | Species are confined to the Neotropics mainland ranging from central Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia | |
Volcanic Islands | Pritchardia (n = 28) (26) − (26) | Species are confined primarily to Hawaii |
