Table 2 Baseline characteristics for the training and validation cohorts by incident diabetes status.

From: A prediction nomogram for the 3-year risk of incident diabetes among Chinese adults

Characteristic

Training cohort

Validation cohort

No diabetes

Incident diabetes

P value

No diabetes

Incident diabetes

P value

Participants

16,064

155

 

15,952

141

 

Age (year)

43.03 ± 12.60

55.34 ± 12.68

 < 0.001

42.98 ± 12.52

56.57 ± 12.88

 < 0.001

Gender

  

 < 0.001

  

 < 0.001

Male

10,399 (64.73%)

128 (82.58%)

 

10,355 (64.91%)

113 (80.14%)

 

Female

5665 (35.27%)

27 (17.42%)

 

5597 (35.09%)

28 (19.86%)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

23.54 ± 3.27

26.27 ± 3.17

 < 0.001

23.51 ± 3.31

26.30 ± 3.39

 < 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

119.61 ± 15.67

132.81 ± 16.30

 < 0.001

119.76 ± 15.88

129.99 ± 19.58

 < 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

74.91 ± 10.50

81.14 ± 11.17

 < 0.001

74.90 ± 10.47

78.69 ± 10.67

 < 0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

4.96 ± 0.61

6.03 ± 0.69

 < 0.001

4.96 ± 0.61

6.01 ± 0.70

 < 0.001

TG (mmol/L)

1.16 (0.80–1.74)

1.83 (1.24–2.67)

 < 0.001

1.16 (0.80–1.74)

1.69 (1.11–2.60)

 < 0.001

HDL-C(mmol/L)

1.34 ± 0.30

1.35 ± 0.79

0.709

1.34 ± 0.30

1.29 ± 0.30

0.071

LDL-C(mmol/L)

2.74 ± 0.68

2.92 ± 0.65

 < 0.001

2.74 ± 0.69

2.81 ± 0.71

0.202

ALT(U/L)

19.50 (13.70–29.40)

26.70 (19.00–43.90)

 < 0.001

19.50 (13.80–29.10)

27.10 (18.90–40.60)

 < 0.001

BUN (mmol/L)

4.71 ± 1.17

5.15 ± 1.43

 < 0.001

4.69 ± 1.16

5.16 ± 1.33

 < 0.001

Scr (umol/L)

72.15 ± 15.21

74.77 ± 17.83

0.033

72.28 ± 15.20

74.81 ± 16.80

0.049

Smoking status

  

 < 0.001

  

 < 0.001

Never

12,150 (75.63%)

90 (58.06%)

 

12,084 (75.75%)

80 (56.74%)

 

Ever/Current

3914 (24.37%)

65 (41.94%)

 

3868 (24.25%)

61 (43.26%)

 

Drinking status

  

0.012

  

0.335

Never

12,906 (80.34%)

112 (72.26%)

 

12,834 (80.45%)

118 (83.69%)

 

Ever/Current

3158 (19.66%)

43 (27.74%)

 

3118 (19.55%)

23 (16.31%)

 

Family history

  

0.139

  

0.124

No

15,160 (94.37%)

142 (91.61%)

 

15,070 (94.47%)

129 (91.49%)

 

Yes

904 (5.63%)

13 (8.39%)

 

882 (5.53%)

12 (8.51%)

 
  1. Values are n (%) or mean ± SD.
  2. SD, Standardized difference; BMI, Body mass index; SBP, Systolic blood pressure; DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; FPG; Fasting plasma glucose; TG, Triglyceride; HDL-C, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, Low-density lipid cholesterol; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; Scr, Serum creatinine; Family history, Family history of diabetes.
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