Table 1 Cardiac function.

From: Cardioprotective effect of combination therapy by mild hypothermia and local or remote ischemic preconditioning in isolated rat hearts

 

Baseline

Ischemia

Reperfusion

N

20 min

p-values

10 min

30 min

120 min

p-values

Control vs. intervention

Control-MH vs IPC-MH

Control vs. intervention

Control-MH vs IPC-MH

a. IPC experimental series

LVDP

  

ANOVA: 0.02

  

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

151 ± 7

  

2 ± 1

17 ± 6

25 ± 4

  

IPC

8

145 ± 4

 

0.99

5 ± 1

31 ± 5

35 ± 3

 

0.04

CON MH-ischemia

8

145 ± 4

0.80

 

10 ± 2

35 ± 7

33 ± 3

0.06

 

IPC MH-ischemia

8

148 ± 3

 

0.97

35 ± 4

83 ± 4

48 ± 3

 

< 0.01

CON MH ischemia + reperfusion

8

148 ± 7

> 0.99

 

5 ± 1

27 ± 7

45 ± 5

0.06

 

IPC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

154 ± 4

 

0.97

15 ± 4

72 ± 6

65 ± 3

 

< 0.01

CON MH-reperfusion

7

159 ± 6

0.94

 

1 ± 0

11 ± 3

34 ± 4

0.84

 

IPC MH-reperfusion

8

158 ± 2

 

> 0.99

6 ± 3

52 ± 7

51 ± 5

 

0.02

CON MH-total

7

157 ± 4

0.98

 

6 ± 2

50 ± 9

49 ± 5

0.04

 

IPC MH-total

8

165 ± 5

 

0.94

27 ± 7

92 ± 4

71 ± 2

 

< 0.01

Heart rate (BPM)

ANOVA: < 0.01

 

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

196 ± 22

  

199 ± 18

226 ± 24

239 ± 20

  

IPC

8

264 ± 15

 

0.02

238 ± 11

227 ± 19

244 ± 12

 

0.46

CON MH-ischemia

8

235 ± 17

0.49

 

178 ± 19

227 ± 18

224 ± 14

0.61

 

IPC MH-ischemia

8

210 ± 13

 

0.90

229 ± 22

219 ± 18

217 ± 15

 

0.55

CON MH ischemia + reperfusion

8

237 ± 17

0.45

 

215 ± 16

202 ± 14

174 ± 11

0.21

 

IPC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

234 ± 10

 

> 0.99

244 ± 10

208 ± 10

202 ± 4

 

0.04

CON MH-reperfusion

7

196 ± 12

> 0.99

 

231 ± 27

186 ± 25

176 ± 19

0.33

 

IPC MH-reperfusion

8

192 ± 14

 

> 0.99

223 ± 29

156 ± 19

160 ± 13

 

0.41

CON MH-total

7

175 ± 15

0.98

 

191 ± 15

163 ± 15

183 ± 10

0.06

 

IPC MH-total

8

156 ± 11

  

175 ± 22

165 ± 13

184 ± 13

 

0.80

Rate pressure product (BPM×mmHg)

ANOVA: < 0.01

 

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

29,127 ± 2586

  

506 ± 117

3738 ± 1307

5928 ± 1064

  

IPC

8

38,004 ± 1594

 

0.05

1267 ± 279

6946 ± 1305

8559 ± 905

 

0.06

CON MH-ischemia

8

33,843 ± 2417

0.72

 

1611 ± 453

7786 ± 1684

7304 ± 917

0.10

 

IPC MH-ischemia

8

31,019 ± 1926

 

0.98

7708 ± 881

17,977 ± 1605

10,137 ± 633

 

< 0.01

CON MH ischemia + reperfusion

8

35,213 ± 3125

0.39

 

972 ± 146

5103 ± 1292

7980 ± 1162

0.26

 

IPC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

35,976 ± 1578

 

> 0.99

3620 ± 787

14,621 ± 1117

13,209 ± 627

 

< 0.01

CON MH-reperfusion

7

30,960 ± 1434

> 0.99

 

295 ± 77

1863 ± 534

5918 ± 738

0.43

 

IPC MH-reperfusion

8

30,345 ± 2242

 

> 0.99

1403 ± 810

5730 ± 1147

7954 ± 856

 

0.03

CON MH-total

7

27,483 ± 2131

> 0.99

 

1214 ± 397

5318 ± 1636

8848 ± 991

0.19

 

IPC MH-total

8

25,587 ± 1643

 

> 0.99

3673 ± 534

15,301 ± 1428

12,969 ± 951

 

 < 0.01

Coronary flow

ANOVA: < 0.01

   

ANOVA: 0.01

CON

7

11 ± 0

  

11 ± 1

10 ± 0

9 ± 0

  

IPC

8

14 ± 1

 

0.23

15 ± 1

13 ± 1

12 ± 1

 

0.04

CON MH-ischemia

8

11 ± 1

 > 0.99

 

10 ± 1

9 ± 1

9 ± 1

0.11

 

IPC MH-ischemia

8

10 ± 1

 

 > 0.99

13 ± 1

11 ± 1

8 ± 1

 

 < 0.01

CON MH ischemia + reperfusion

8

12 ± 1

0.96

 

13 ± 1

12 ± 1

8 ± 1

0.18

 

IPC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

12 ± 1

 

 > 0.99

13 ± 1

11 ± 1

8 ± 1

 

 < 0.01

CON MH-reperfusion

7

12 ± 1

0.99

 

10 ± 1

10 ± 1

10 ± 1

0.45

 

IPC MH-reperfusion

8

10 ± 1

 

0.48

12 ± 1

10 ± 1

11 ± 1

 

 < 0.01

CON MH-total

7

10 ± 1

0.82

 

10 ± 1

9 ± 1

8 ± 1

0.16

 

IPC MH-total

8

9 ± 1

 

 > 0.99

 ± 1

10 ± 0

9 ± 0

 

 < 0.01

b. RIC experimental series

LVDP

  

ANOVA: 0.09

  

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

145 ± 6

  

4 ± 1

18 ± 5

15 ± 1

  

RIC

8

121 ± 20

  

7 ± 2

34 ± 2

25 ± 2

 

0.02

CON MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

158 ± 3

  

14 ± 4

62 ± 4

52 ± 5

< 0.01

 

RIC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

155 ± 3

  

14 ± 4

51 ± 5

41 ± 4

 

0.2

Heart rate (BPM)

ANOVA: 0.98

 

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

244 ± 13

  

224 ± 29

251 ± 16

259 ± 10

  

RIC

8

246 ± 18

  

235 ± 15

263 ± 11

259 ± 11

 

0.39

CON MH-Ischemia + Reperfusion

8

252 ± 15

  

179 ± 27

176 ± 12

180 ± 15

0.02

 

RIC MH-Ischemia + Reperfusion

8

242 ± 24

  

174 ± 24

196 ± 17

202 ± 12

 

0.75

Rate pressure product (BPM × mmHg)

ANOVA: 0.23

 

ANOVA: < 0.01

CON

7

35,231 ± 2282

  

747 ± 217

5516 ± 724

3825 ± 365

  

RIC

8

29,450 ± 5257

  

1768 ± 576

8923 ± 448

6495 ± 611

 

0.01

CON MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

39,871 ± 2693

  

2577 ± 895

10,599 ± 896

9229 ± 1182

 < 0.01

 

RIC MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

37,124 ± 3219

  

1930 ± 525

9792 ± 877

8143 ± 831

 

0.15

Coronary flow

ANOVA: 0.14

   

ANOVA: 0.25

CON

7

13 ± 1

  

10 ± 1

8 ± 1

7 ± 1

  

RIC

8

11 ± 1

  

9 ± 1

7 ± 1

6 ± 1

  

CON MH-ischemia + reperfusion

8

14 ± 1

  

12 ± 1

9 ± 1

7 ± 1

  
  1. (a) IPC experimental series, (b) RIC experimental series.
  2. CON control, IPC ischemic preconditioning, RIC remote ischemic preconditioning, MH-Ischemia mild hypothermia during ischemia, MH-Ischemia + Reperfusion mild hypothermia during half of the ischemia and throughout reperfusion, MH-Reperfusion mild hypothermia during reperfusion, MH-Total mild hypothermia through the total protocol.
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