Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Autophagy is deregulated in cancer-associated fibroblasts from oral cancer and is stimulated during the induction of fibroblast senescence by TGF-β1

Figure 4

Inhibition of autophagy in normal fibroblasts induces activation and senescence. (a) Treatment of normal oral fibroblasts (NHOF1 and NHOF2) with increasing doses of the specific Vps34 inhibitor, SAR405 for 72 h. (b) Treatment of NHOF2 with 10 μM SAR405 for up to 120 h. Autophagy inhibition with SAR405 was shown to induce fibroblast activation (induction of α-SMA) and senescence (loss of SIRT1) by Western blotting. GAPDH was used as a loading control. Densitometric values were normalised to GAPDH and expressed relative to fibroblasts treated with vehicle control (= 1). Full-length blots are presented in Supplementary Fig. S8. (c) Normal oral fibroblasts displayed cell morphology typical of senescent cells after SAR405 (10 μM, 120 h) treatment. Scale bar indicates 200 μm.

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