Figure 1

Rate of nitrogen (a), potash (b) and phosphorus (c) application and grain yield (d) from rice and wheat under Nutrient Expert (NE) and Farmers’ Fertilizer Practices (FFP) in the study areas. Values are average of all the comparison trials over the study period. Within each pair, bars bearing different lowercase letters are significantly different from each other based on the paired t-test (p = 0.05). The error bar shows the standard deviation. IGP = Indo-Gangetic Plains.