Table 4 Clinical characteristics of never smokers and current smokers in men.
From: Smoking status and endothelial function in Japanese men
Variables | Total (n = 2209) | Never smoker pack year = 0 (n = 1181) | Light smoker 0 < pack year≦10 (n = 151) | Moderate smoker 10 < pack year≦20 (n = 260) | Heavy smoker 20 < pack year≦30 (n = 286) | Excessive smoker 30 < pack year (n = 331) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 48 ± 14 | 47 ± 16 | 39 ± 12 | 45 ± 10 | 51 ± 8 | 58 ± 9 | < 0.001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 3.5 | 23.3 ± 3.5 | 23.1 ± 3.2 | 23.5 ± 3.3 | 23.9 ± 3.6 | 23.7 ± 3.9 | 0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 128 ± 16 | 127 ± 15 | 127 ± 16 | 127 ± 17 | 130 ± 17 | 132 ± 19 | < 0.001 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 79 ± 12 | 77 ± 12 | 78 ± 13 | 80 ± 12 | 83 ± 11 | 82 ± 12 | < 0.001 |
Heart rate, bpm | 65 ± 12 | 65 ± 12 | 64 ± 12 | 64 ± 10 | 64 ± 10 | 67 ± 12 | 0.03 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.04 ± 0.88 | 5.04 ± 0.88 | 5.02 ± 0.88 | 5.07 ± 0.91 | 5.09 ± 0.83 | 4.97 ± 0.85 | 0.32 |
Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.35 ± 0.71 | 1.24 ± 0.64 | 1.30 ± 0.63 | 1.40 ± 0.73 | 1.54 ± 0.85 | 1.54 ± 0.75 | < 0.001 |
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.45 ± 0.39 | 1.53 ± 0.39 | 1.45 ± 0.34 | 1.40 ± 0.36 | 1.40 ± 0.36 | 1.40 ± 0.41 | < 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.97 ± 0.80 | 2.97 ± 0.80 | 2.97 ± 0.83 | 3.05 ± 0.80 | 3.00 ± 0.80 | 2.90 ± 0.80 | 0.23 |
Glucose, mmol/L | 5.72 ± 1.44 | 5.66 ± 1.44 | 5.44 ± 1.33 | 5.50 ± 1.00 | 5.66 ± 1.05 | 6.22 ± 1.94 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c, % | 5.7 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± .0.8 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± .0.6 | 5.7 ± .0.6 | 5.9 ± .0.8 | < 0.001 |
Medical history, n (%) | |||||||
Hypertension | 973 (44.1) | 487 (41.2) | 47 (31.1) | 89 (34.2) | 143 (50.0) | 207 (62.5) | < 0.001 |
Dyslipidemia | 1059 (47.9) | 510 (43.2) | 64 (42.4) | 125 (48.1) | 163 (57.0) | 197 (59.5) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus | 262 (11.9) | 120 (10.2) | 9 (6.0) | 18 (6.9) | 38 (13.3) | 77 (23.3) | < 0.001 |
Previous cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease | 250 (11.3) | 131 (11.1) | 7 (4.6) | 17 (6.5) | 31 (10.8) | 64 (19.3) | < 0.001 |
