Table 2 Larval mortality, adult emergence, larval period, pupal period, total developmental period, pupal weight of S. litura when 6 days old instar larvae were fed on different concentrations of azadirachtin.
From: Effect of gallic acid on the larvae of Spodoptera litura and its parasitoid Bracon hebetor
Concentrations (ppm) | Larval mortality (%) | Adult emergence (%) | Larval period (days) | Pupal period (days) | Total development period (days) | Pupal weight (mg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 3.33 ± 3.33a | 90.00 ± 4.47a | 96.68 ± 0.27a | 13.62 ± 0.58a | 33.17 ± 0.74a | 254.16 ± 6.84a |
5 | 26.67 ± 4.21b | 46.67 ± 4.21b | 22.39 ± 0.60b | 15.33 ± 0.21ab | 37.72 ± 0.71b | 231.12 ± 2.97ab |
25 | 50.00 ± 4.40c | 30.00 ± 4.47c | 27.92 ± 0.32c | 15.94 ± 0.34bc | 43.78 ± 0.54c | 214.80 ± 5.33b |
125 | 70.00 ± 4.47d | 10.00 ± 4.47d | 29.00 ± 0.50c | 16.67 ± 0.21bcd | 45.67 ± 0.57c | 155.76 ± 7.04c |
625 | 90.00 ± 4.47e | 3.33 ± 3.33d | 35.33 ± 0.33d | 17.67 ± 0.33 cd | 52.67 ± 0.33d | 135.17 ± 2.89c |
3125 | 93.33 ± 4.21e | 0.00 ± 0.00d | 36.00 ± 0.00d | ____ | ____ | 110 ± 0.00d |
F-value | 119.00** | 79.50** | 160.11** | 14.86** | 108.41** | 62.59** |