Table 7 The effects of tillage and seeding method combinations on (a) pre-anthesis and (b) total nitrogen accumulation and (c) nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) in 2018.

From: Tillage and seeding strategies for wheat optimizing production in harvested rice fields with high soil moisture

Tillage method

Seeding method

Pre-anthesis nitrogen accumulation (kg ha−1)

Total nitrogen accumulation (kg ha−1)

NUpE (kg kg−1)

Rotary tillage

SM1-2

153 ± 4 cd

192 ± 3 d

28.0 ± 1.4 e

SM2

143 ± 4 d

190 ± 6 d

26.7 ± 0.4 e

SM3

156 ± 5 bc

205 ± 3 bc

32.9 ± 0.2 d

SM4

164 ± 2 ab

215 ± 6 ab

40.1 ± 0.2 ab

Zero tillage

SM1-2

169 ± 6 a

210 ± 2 abc

37.4 ± 0.1 bc

SM2

164 ± 5 ab

203 ± 4 c

33.7 ± 1.3 cd

SM3

164 ± 4 ab

219 ± 1 a

42.0 ± 1.8 a

SM4

162 ± 5 abc

213 ± 4 ab

38.8 ± 1.6 ab

  1. Data are presented as means ± standard errors. Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments at the 0.05 probability level. SM1-2 small-size drill seeder, SM2 small-size strip seeder, SM3 medium-size strip seeder, SM4 medium-size drill seeder.