Figure 3

Individual caching patterns allow no conclusion. K1 = compartment available on trials 1, 4, 7; K2 = compartment available on trials 2, 5, 8; K3 = compartment available on trials 3, 6, 9; f1 = food received on trials 1, 3, 5, 7, 9; f2 = food received on trials 2, 4, 6, 8. If a bird caches according to the Prediction 1 of the Future Planning Hypothesis (FPH 1), it will provision only for the next day, where it expects to be in compartment K1 with food of type f2 available; thus it would cache food f1 in K1. If a bird caches according to the Prediction 2 of the Future Planning Hypothesis (FPH 2), thereby taking into account also subsequent days, then it will distribute the caches to complement the food type it expects to find in the respective compartment. If the bird caches according to the Compensatory Caching Hypothesis (CCH), the bird should cache less of food type f in compartments K, where it has previously encountered many items of food type f. The actual numbers in the predictions serve illustration purposes only. The hypotheses allow only qualitative predictions, e.g., the Compensatory Caching Hypothesis predicts more caches of food f1 in compartment K2 than in compartments K1 or K3.