Table 4 Seepage of the canals according to modified Kostiakov's equation.

From: Introducing winter rice cropping by using non-saline tidal water influx in western basins of South 24 Parganas, India

Canal name

t (min)

h1 (cm)

h2 (cm)

K (cm/s)

P

A

m

s (%)

Seepage of canal (m3/s)

Upper Keorapukur Khal

250

40

35

4.15 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.63

0.12

Hotor Khal

600

40

36

9.48 × 10–8

Low

0.7

0.3

0.23

1.74

Suryapur Inner Channel

18

50

33

1.24 × 10–5

Low

0.7

0.3

0.18

2.62

Usti Nainan Outfall Channel

90

50

38

1.64 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.14

3.26

Kata Khal

48

50

32

5.02 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.21

0.93

Sangrampur Khal

80

50

42

1.17 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.23

1.09

Joynagar Khal

22

50

28

1.42 × 10–5

Low

0.7

0.3

0.22

0.5

Upper Dhanpota Khal

75

40

25

3.38 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.44

0.16

Hara Khal

105

50

42

8.96 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.19

2.75

Kulpi Khal

130

40

36

4.37 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.20

2.11

Upper Hatuganj Khal

90

40

28

2.14 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.48

0.06

Nazra Khal

15

40

32

8.03 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.34

0.13

Srichanda Khal

178

40

34

4.93 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.24

0.76

Dasani Khal

175

50

38

8.47 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.26

1.07

Diamond Harbour Creek

25

40

25

1.01 × 10–5

Low

0.7

0.3

0.10

8.85

Kholakhali Khal

95

40

35

7.59 × 10–7

Low

0.7

0.3

0.17

1.18

Lower Keorapukur Khal

17

40

28

1.13 × 10–5

Low

0.7

0.3

0.25

1.06

Lower Hatuganj Khal

30

40

22

1.07 × 10–5

Low

0.7

0.3

0.41

0.25

Adi Ganga Canal

106

40

30

1.46 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

0.26

1.17

Lower Dhanpota Khal

145

40

34

3.38 × 10–6

Low

0.7

0.3

1.55

0.01

  1. K coefficient of permeability, h1 initial head, h2 final head, t time interval, P permeability, A,m permeability constants, S% water losses per km of canal length.