Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.
Variable | Control | HCM | Control:HCM | HNCM | HOCM | HNCM:HOCM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 28 | n = 60 | n = 33 | n = 27 | |||
n (%) / median (P25-P75) | n (%) / median (P25-P75) | p value | n (%) / median (P25-P75) | n (%) / median (P25-P75) | p value | |
Age (years) | 52 (44.3–59.5) | 52.5 (42.8–65.0) | 0.628 | 50 (34.5–61.0) | 60.0 (47.0–73.0) | 0.047 |
Male n (%) | 19 (67.9) | 39 (65.0) | 1.000 | 25 (75.8) | 14 (51.9) | 0.063 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.0 (24.5–30.8) | NA | 26.9 (24.1–30–7) | 27.3 (24.5–31.1) | 0.513 | |
Echocardiographic parameters | ||||||
IVS (mm) | 18.5 (16.0–22.0) | NA | 17.0 (15.0–22.0) | 19.0 (17.0–23.0) | 0.192 | |
LVEDD (mm) | 43.0 (40.0–47.3) | NA | 43.0 (41.0–48.0) | 42–0 (38.0–47.0) | 0.192 | |
Aortic root (mm) | 32.0 (28.5–35.0) | NA | 32.0 (27.0–35.0) | 32.0 (28.8–35.3) | 0.520 | |
LVPWD (mm) | 12.0 (9.9–13.3) | NA | 11.0 (9.5–12.0) | 12.0 (10.0–15.0) | 0.105 | |
LVOT gradient (mmHg) | 80.0 (13.5–121.5) | NA | 7.6 (5.5–15.0) | 103.0 (80.0–140.0) | < 0.001* | |
LA size (mm) | 42.0 (38.0–50.5) | NA | 40.0 (35.0–49–0) | 44.0 (40. –51.3) | < 0.001* | |
Mitral regurgitation | 0.001 | |||||
Minor | 40 (66.7) | 28 (84.8) | 12 (44.4) | |||
Medium | 13 (21.7) | 3 (9.1) | 10 (37.0) | |||
Major | 5 (8.3) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (18.5) | |||
Missing | 2 (3.3) | 2 (6.1) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Clinical symptoms | ||||||
Syncope n (%) | 8 (13.8) | NA | 3 (9.7) | 5 (18.5) | 0.453 | |
Family history for SCD n (%) | 18 (30.5) | NA | 12 (37.5) | 6 (22.2) | 0.262 | |
Dyspnoea n (%) | 32 (54.2) | NA | 14 (43.8) | 18 (66.7) | 0.116 | |
NYHA n (%) | 0.103 | |||||
1 | 12 (20.0) | 9 (27.3) | 3 (11.1) | |||
2 | 27 (45.0 | 11 (33.3) | 16 (59.3) | |||
3 | 13 (21.7) | 5 (15.2) | 8 (29.6) | |||
Missing | 8 (13.3) | 8 /24.2) | 0 (0.0) | |||
Angina pectoris n (%) | 9 (153) | NA | 2 (6.3) | 7 (25.9) | 0.066 | |
Palpitations n (%) | 22 (37.3) | NA | 11 (34.3) | 11 (40.7) | 0.788 | |
Peripheral edema n (%) | 4 (6.9) | NA | 2 (6.1) | 2 (7.4) | 1.000 | |
Arrhythmias n (%) | 31 (52.5) | NA | 19 (59.4) | 12 (44.4) | 0.302 | |
Atrial Fibrillation n (%) | 5 (8.6) | NA | 4 (12.1) | 1 (3.8) | 0.367 | |
Co-morbidities | ||||||
Hypertension n (%) | 30 (51.7) | NA | 17 (54.8) | 13 (48.1) | 0.793 | |
Diabetes mellitus n (%) | 5 (8.6) | NA | 3 (9.7) | 2 (7.4) | 1.000 | |
Coronary artery disease n (%) | 12 (20.7) | NA | 5 (16.1) | 7 (25.9) | 0.518 | |
Myocardial infarction n (%) | 4 (7.0) | NA | 2 (6.1) | 2 (7.7) | 1.000 | |
COPD n (%) | 3 (5.2) | NA | 0 (0.0) | 3 (11.1) | 0.095 | |
Drugs | ||||||
Beta blockers n (%) | 46. (78.0) | NA | 24 (75.0) | 22 (81.5) | 0.754 | |
ACE inhibitors n (%) | 17 (28.8) | NA | 10 (31.3) | 7 (25.9) | 0.776 | |
AT1 inhibitors n (%) | 10 (16.9) | NA | 9 (28.1) | 1 (3.7) | 0.016* | |
Diuretics n (%) | 24 (40.7) | NA | 11 (34.4) | 13 (48.1) | 0.303 | |
Calcium antagonists n (%) | 17 (28.8) | NA | 8 (25.0) | 9 (33.3) | 0.569 | |
Anticoagulation drugs n (%) | 30 (50.8) | NA | 15 (46.9) | 15 (55.6) | 0.604 | |
