Figure 1

Morphotectonic map of the study area with seismicity. Major plate boundary faults namely Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT), South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) are marked along with the Mahendragarh–Dehradun Fault (MDF), Moradabad fault (MF), Great Boundary Fault (GBF) and the physiographic transition (PT2). The major morphotectonic zones namely Sub-Himalaya (SH), Outer Lesser Himalaya (OLH), Inner Lesser Himalaya (ILH), Higher Himalaya (HH) and the Tethyan Himalaya (TH) are marked. Colored dots indicate the seismicity of the region with size increasing with magnitude (data from ISC catalog). The basemap is the 3 arc-second elevation from SRTM Digital Elevation Model in greyscale and the map was created by Generic Mapping Tool (GMT) open source software version 5.4.5 (https://www.generic-mapping-tools.org/).