Table 2 Accuracy of CBCT-modeled cervical spine vertebrae across functional E–F position models relative to a neutral position model.
From: Validation and application of a novel in vivo cervical spine kinematics analysis technique
Posture | Level | Average distance | Maximum distance | Standard deviation | Angular prediction | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean deviation | Mean absolute deviation | + | − | + | − | ||||
Flexion | C1 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.22 | − 0.19 | 3.20 | − 2.90 | 0.31 | 0.10 |
C2 | 0.01 | 0.18 | 0.17 | − 0.19 | 2.23 | − 2.63 | 0.24 | 0.05 | |
C3 | 0.02 | 0.18 | 0.16 | − 0.20 | 1.84 | − 2.08 | 0.22 | 0.10 | |
C4 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.19 | − 0.23 | 1.96 | − 2.12 | 0.24 | 0.10 | |
C5 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 0.16 | − 0.22 | 1.38 | − 2.31 | 0.22 | 0.14 | |
C6 | 0.00 | 0.19 | 0.19 | − 0.19 | 1.92 | − 2.56 | 0.25 | 0.00 | |
C7 | 0.04 | 0.38 | 0.42 | − 0.34 | 3.62 | − 3.39 | 0.67 | 0.20 | |
Extension | C1 | 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.18 | − 0.20 | 2.85 | − 3.35 | 0.31 | 0.05 |
C2 | 0.00 | 0.13 | 0.13 | − 0.13 | 1.90 | − 2.19 | 0.19 | 0.00 | |
C3 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.11 | − 0.07 | 1.76 | − 2.10 | 0.16 | 0.10 | |
C4 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.11 | − 0.07 | 1.34 | − 1.32 | 0.14 | 0.10 | |
C5 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.12 | − 0.09 | 1.97 | − 1.56 | 0.15 | 0.10 | |
C6 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.12 | − 0.11 | 2.48 | − 2.50 | 0.18 | 0.05 | |
C7 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.22 | − 0.19 | 3.20 | − 2.90 | 0.31 | 0.10 | |
