Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to the groups.
ARNI + SGLT2i (Group 1, N = 51) | ARNI only (Group 2, N = 52) | SGLT2i only (Group 3, N = 52) | Control (Group 4, N = 51) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||||
Age (years) | 67.1 ± 11.7 | 67.5 ± 12.1 | 67.8 ± 112.8 | 68.5 ± 111.4 | 0.452 |
Male (N, %) | 38 (74.5%) | 34 (65.4%) | 37 (71.2%) | 31 (60.8%) | 0.455 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.1 ± 13.7 | 25.2 ± 4.0 | 25.1 ± 3.7 | 24.9 ± 3.6 | 0.616 |
Body surface area (m2) | 1.7 ± 10.2 | 1.7 ± 10.2 | 1.8 ± 10.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 0.357 |
Hemodynamics | |||||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120.8 ± 15.8 | 121.8 ± 17.9 | 120.4 ± 17.7 | 122.9 ± 21.3 | 0.900 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 71.4 ± 12.9 | 71.9 ± 11.8 | 71.3 ± 18.9 | 75.1 ± 16.3 | 0.378 |
Underlying diseases (N, %) | |||||
Hypertension | 34 (66.7%) | 33 (23.6%) | 31 (22.1%) | 42 (30.0%) | 0.071 |
Dyslipidemia | 40 (78.4%) | 46 (88.5%) | 42 (80.8%) | 43 (84.3%) | 0.552 |
Chronic kidney disease | 18 (35.3%) | 19 (36.5%) | 17 (32.7%) | 20 (39.2%) | 0.920 |
Coronary artery disease | 21 (41.2%) | 26 (50.0%) | 25 (48.1%) | 28 (54.9%) | 0.576 |
Atrial fibrillation | 17 (33.3%) | 17 (32.7%) | 19 (36.5%) | 14 (27.5%) | 0.802 |
Medication | |||||
ARB | 51 (100.0%) | 51 (100.0%) | 38 (73.1%) | 29 (56.9%) | – |
ACE inhibitors | – | – | 14 (26.9%) | 22 (43.1%) | – |
Beta blocker | 44 (86.3%) | 48 (92.3%) | 45 (86.5%) | 41 (80.4%) | 0.374 |
MRA | 26 (51.0%) | 22 (42.3%) | 23 (44.2%) | 23 (45.1%) | 0.833 |
Metformin | 40 (78.4%) | 32 (61.5%) | 41 (78.8%) | 32 (62.7%) | 0.080 |
Insulin | 13 (25.5%) | 18 (34.6%) | 11 (21.2%) | 26 (51.0%) | 0.007 |
Sulfonylurea | 15 (29.4%) | 13 (25.0%) | 21 (40.4%) | 24 (47.1%) | 0.077 |
Antiplatelet | 36 (70.6%) | 38 (73.1%) | 35 (67.3%) | 46 (90.2%) | 0.035 |
Anticoagulant | 18 (35.3%) | 17 (32.7%) | 20 (38.5%) | 20 (39.2%) | 0.896 |
Statin | 40 (78.4%) | 45 (86.5%) | 42 (80.8%) | 43 (84.3%) | 0.706 |
Laboratory examination | |||||
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.0 ± 2.1 | 13.2 ± 2.1 | 13.9 ± 2.3 | 13.2 ± 2.2 | 0.029 |
Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 7.0 ± 0.8 | 6.8 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 0.9 | 7.2 ± 1.4 | 0.775 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.517 |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 72.2 ± 22.1 | 70.6 ± 23.3 | 75.8 ± 27.6 | 68.8 ± 24.3 | 0.838 |
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 150.9 ± 38.9 | 148.4 ± 47.8 | 147.7 ± 32.9 | 143.9 ± 35.7 | 0.273 |
NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 1319.0 (407.0–4606.6) | 2692.0 (913.7–6124.4) | 1007.3 (282.7–4036.0) | 4037.0 (1684.0–10,742.4) | < 0.001 |
