Table 1 Population demographics in ECHO studies.
From: Right heart exercise-training-adaptation and remodelling in endurance athletes
Author name | N Athletes | N Sedentary | M% Athletes | Age Athletes | Age sedentary | BMI athletes (h/m2) | BMI Sedentary (h/m2) | BSA Athletes (m2) | BSA Sedentary (m2) | HR Athletes | HR Sedentary | Intensity of training (h/w) | Years of training |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baggish 201038 | 20 | 20 | 100% | 25 ± 3 | 21 ± 2 | NA | NA | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 56 ± 7 | 72 ± 8 | 22 ± 6 | 9 ± 4 |
Baggish 201038 ◄ | 20 | 100% | 20 ± 2 | NA | NA | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 60 ± 5 | 11 ± 4 | 5 ± 2 | ||||
Bauce 200831 | 40 | 40 | 70% | 26 ± 5 | 28 ± 12 | NA | NA | 1.84 ± 0.2 | 1.80 ± 0.1 | NA | NA | 7 ± 1.4 | 5.2 |
Bernheim 20131 | 39 | 23 | 82% | 36 (31–43) | 36 (31–43) | NA | NA | 1.3(1.8–2.0) | 1.98 (1.75–2.05) | 56(50–64) | 73 (65–81) | 13.5 ± 3.5 | NA |
Bjerring 2018°39 | 76 | 25 | 63% | 12.1 ± 0.2 | 12.1 ± 0.3 | 17.5 ± 1.5 | 19.9 ± 4.0 | 1.32 ± 0.12 | 1.43 ± 0.21 | 72 ± 12 | 80 ± 20 | 7 ± 2.3 | 5.4 ± 1.2 |
D'Andrea20133 | 395 | 230 | 61% | 28.8 ± 10.1 | 27.5 ± 11.3 | NA | NA | 1.84 ± 0.5 | 1.83 ± 0.6 | 52.1 ± 4.4 | 70.5 ± 10.6 | 15–20 | > 4 |
D'Ascenzi 201240 | 100 | 78 | 76% | 25.91 ± 4.61 | 25.20 ± 3.92 | NA | NA | 2.05 ± 0.23 | 1.82 ± 0.18 | 60.69 ± 9.63 | 72.16 ± 13.1 | > 15 | 5 |
D'Ascenzi 201641° | 57 | 37 | 100% | 10.8 ± 0.2 | 10.2 ± 0.2 | NA | NA | 1.34 ± 0.20 | 1.33 ± 0.20 | 78 ± 11 | 67 ± 9 | > 10 | NA |
De Luca 201342 | 25 | 20 | 100% | 20 ± 3 | 18.3 ± 3.6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 70.3 ± 9.04 | 77.9 ± 8.52 | > 10 | 10 ± 3 |
Doronina 2018 | 15 | 15 | 0% | 24 ± 4 | 23 ± 2 | 21.4 ± 1.2 | 20.5 ± 2.8 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 69 ± 14 | 82 ± 7 | 24 ± 8 | 12.1 ± 4.6 |
Esposito 201443 | 40 | 43 | 100% | 28 ± 9.5 | 29.0 ± 5.8 | 24.2 ± 2.5 | 23.2 ± 3.0 | NA | NA | 55.3 ± 8.0 | 68.5 ± 10.6 | > 30 | > 4 |
Eun 201644 | 29 | 29 | 100% | 27 ± 4.1 | 26 ± 6.5 | NA | NA | 1.97 ± 0.1 | 1.87 ± 0.2 | 54.2 ± 10.1 | 73.3 ± 10.7 | ELITE | NA |
Hedman 201445 | 46 | 48 | 0% | 21 ± 2 | 21 ± 2 | NA | NA | 1.69 ± 0.10 | 1.63 ± 0.09 | 54 ± 8 | 71 ± 10 | 13 ± 2 | 6 ± 2 |
King201346 | 24 | 17 | 100% | 24.3 ± 4.2 | 27.06 ± 3.5 | NA | NA | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.93 ± 0.2 | 61.29 ± 9.31 | 71.71 ± 9.31 | > 10 | NA |
King201346◄ | 18 | 100% | 22.38 ± 3.7 | NA | NA | 2.08 ± 0.13 | 61.72 ± 8.59 | > 8 | NA | ||||
Koc 20072 | 60 | 60 | 90% | 20.7 ± 2.5 | 21.3 ± 2.6 | NA | NA | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 65.4 ± 8.7 | 77.0 ± 7.8 | 15 ± 5 | > 5 |
Kooreman201947 | 37 | 31 | 0% | 19 ± 1 | 19 ± 1 | 22.1 ± 2.3 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | NA | NA | ELITE | NA |
La Gerche 201516 | 10 | 7 | 100% | 35 ± 6 | 34 ± 16 | 22.9 ± 1.5 | 23.2 ± 1.7 | NA | NA | 52 ± 8 | 62 ± 12 | 11 (6- 1 5) | 9 (6–17) |
Lakatos 201848 | 30 | 20 | 100% | 18.9 ± 4.0 | 19.9 ± 3.8 | NA | NA | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 67.2 ± 11.5 | 68.4 ± 9.1 | 17 ± 6 | 10 ± 5 |
Lakatos201848 ♀ | 30 | 20 | 0% | 19.0 ± 3.7 | 19.5 ± 2.3 | NA | NA | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 71.1 ± 12.1 | 84.2 ± 19.2 | 17 ± 6 | 10 ± 5 |
Leischik 201649 | 33 | 37 | 0% | 34.3 ± 6.3 | 31.2 ± 6.3 | 21.6 ± 2.3 | 23.7 ± 4.0 | 1.70 ± 0.13 | 1.81 ± 0.16 | 61.6 ± 8.6 | 69.7 ± 12.3 | 15.5 | 7.6 ± 5.8 |
Major 20155 | 52 | 25 | 100% | 24.6 ± 5.1 | 26.5 ± 5.4 | 22.9 ± 2.4 | 23.7 ± 3.3 | 1.95 ± 0.14 | 1.96 ± 0.18 | 54.8 ± 9.3 | 68.4 ± 10.9 | 18.9 ± 6.7 | > 6 |
Mirea 201650° | 30 | 22 | 100% | 17.8 ± 4 | 20.1 ± 4.6 | 18.8 ± 2.2 | 21.8 ± 2.2 | 1.61 ± 0.2 | 1.77 ± 0.2 | 64 ± 12 | 69 ± 15 | 13.6 | 5.3 ± 3.8 |
Moro 201351 | 21 | 36 | 100% | 22 | 30 | 24.3 ± 0.41 | 23.8 ± 0.33 | 1.92 ± 0.02 | 1.95 ± 0.03 | 56.5 ± 4.92 | 68.4 ± 9.31 | 26 | NA |
Moro 201351 ◄ | 19 | 100% | 43 | 21.9 ± 0.45 | 1.78 ± 0.02 | 55.3 ± 9.18 | 15 | NA | |||||
Moro 201351 ◄ | 17 | 100% | 26 | 22.3 ± 0.43 | 1.81 ± 0.03 | 55.5 ± 6.50 | 24 | NA | |||||
Pagourelias 201352 | 80 | 26 | 100% | 31.3 ± 10.4 | 26.6 ± 5.6 | 21.9 ± 2.5 | 21.2 ± 2.8 | 1.98 ± 0.15 | 2.01 ± 0.16 | 50 ± 7 | 65 ± 9 | 14.6 ± 5.4 | 11.3 ± 8.3 |
Pelà 200410 | 20 | 15 | 100% | 26 ± 5 | 26 ± 2 | NA | NA | 1.98 ± 0.10 | 1.90 ± 0.10 | 55 ± 11 | 69 ± 9 | ELITE | NA |
Popple 201853 | 100 | 20 | 100% | 25 ± 5 | 25 ± 4 | NA | NA | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | NA | NA | > 20 | NA |
Popple 201853° | 100 | 19 | 100% | 16 ± 1 | 16 ± 1 | NA | NA | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | NA | NA | > 15 | NA |
Rimensberger 201454 | 26 | 33 | 100% | 44 ± 9 | 41 ± 7 | 22.8 ± 1.6 | 23.6 ± 2.1 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 56 ± 8 | 60 ± 7 | > 10 | > 5 |
Rundqvist 201755° | 27 | 27 | ND | 15.5 (13–19) | 15.4 (13–19) | NA | NA | 1.66 (1.37–1.98) | 1.72(1.26–2.23) | 63 (42–85) | 71 (49–88) | > 2.5 | > 2 |
Sanchis-Gormar 201656 | 42 | 18 | 100% | 55 ± 9 | 58 ± 5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 54 ± 9 | 63 ± 8 | 10.6 ± 4.2 | 24 ± 9 |
Sanchis-Gormar 201656 ◄ | 11 | 100% | 54 ± 4 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 58 ± 8 | 10.6 ± 3.1 | 24 ± 9 | |||
Sanz-Delagarza201757 | 20 | 20 | 100% | 38 ± 3.5 | 36.2 ± 3.5 | NA | NA | 1.88 ± 0.09 | 1.91 ± 0.17 | 57.5 ± 8.1 | 66.5 ± 8.9 | 13.5 ± 1.6 | 10.2 ± 3.4 |
Sanz-Delagarza201757 ♀ | 20 | 20 | 0% | 37.4 ± 6.3 | 36.9 ± 4.6 | NA | NA | 1.60 ± 0.10 | 1.62 ± 0.11 | 59.9 ± 5.1 | 74.9 ± 7.6 | 13.2 ± 1.4 | 10.8 ± 4.0 |
Simsek 201358 | 44 | 30 | 73% | 24.10 ± 2.90 | 23.80 ± 2.10 | 22.6 ± 2.2 | 23.1 ± 2.4 | NA | NA | 55.22 ± 5.20 | 66.40 ± 5.80 | 14 – 18 | NA |
Sitges 201759 | 100 | 50 | 100% | 25 ± 6 | 25 ± 4 | NA | NA | 2.02 ± 0.21 | 1.92 ± 0.12 | 58 ± 10 | 65 ± 10 | 18 | > 5 |
Teske 20094 | 59 | 62 | 51% | 27 ± 5.4 | 27.9 ± 5.6 | NA | NA | 1.90 ± 0.15 | 1.88 ± 0.25 | 50.7 ± 7.3 | 59.3 ± 10.6 | 12.4 ± 2.3 | > 5 |
Teske 20094 ◄ | 62 | 71% | 27 ± 4.7 | NA | NA | 1.96 ± 0.17 | 50.4 ± 9.0 | 24.4 ± 5.4 | > 5 | ||||
Teske 20094 ◄ | 54 | 32 | 72% | 50 ± 6.5 | 45.5 ± 4.3 | NA | NA | 1.96 ± 0.17 | 1.89 ± 0.20 | 50.1 ± 11.1 | 59.8 ± 8.6 | 11.9 ± 3.8 | > 12 |
Utomi 201560 | 19 | 21 | 100% | 34 ± 5 | 27 ± 8 | NA | NA | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 56 ± 11 | 63 ± 10 | > 12 | > 11 |
Vitarelli 201361 | 35 | 35 | 100% | 28.7 ± 10.7 | 28.3 ± 11.4 | 22.7 ± 6 | 22.4 ± 2 | 1.91 ± 0.15 | 1.89 ± 0.23 | 54.1 ± 5.6 | 69.5 ± 9.1 | > 15 | 9.6 ± 2.9 |
Results | 2102 | 1311 | 76% | 26.6 ± 8.6 | 26.6 ± 7.6 | 24.8 ± 2.01 | 22.89 ± 1.32 | 1.86 ± 0.20 | 1.82 ± 0.15 | 57.3 ± 7.06 | 69.6 ± 5.26 |
