Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of 22 participants hospitalised with a diabetes-related foot ulcer (DFU). Data are presented as number (%) unless otherwise specified.
Parameter | Number (%) |
|---|---|
Age (years)1 | 61.7 ± 1.9 |
Gender | |
Male | 18 (82) |
Female | 4 (18) |
Area of residence | |
Metro | 14 (64) |
Rural | 8 (36) |
Distance from hospital (km)1 | 59.6 ± 16.6 |
Type of diabetes | |
Type 1 | 1 (5) |
Type 2 | 21 (95) |
Baseline HbA1c1,2 (mmol/mol, %) | 75 ± 6, 9.2 ± 0.5 |
Length of diabetes (years)1 | 16.1 ± 2.0 |
Co-morbidities | |
Previous DFU | 15 (68) |
Charcot foot | 4 (18) |
Diabetic retinopathy | 13 (59) |
Peripheral neuropathy | 21 (95) |
Chronic kidney disease | |
Not diagnosed | 17 (77) |
Stage I | 0 |
Stage II | 2 (9) |
Stage III | 2 (9) |
Stage IV | 0 |
Stage V | 1 (5) |
Ischaemic heart disease | 8 (36) |
Previous myocardial infarction | 3 (14) |
Previous cerebrovascular accident | 2 (9) |
Hypertension | 22 (100) |
Dyslipidemia | 19 (86) |
Smoking status | |
Current | 4 (18) |
Ex-smoker | 6 (27) |
Non-smoker | 12 (55) |
Diabetes management on admission | |
Diet only | 1 (5) |
Oral agent(s) and/or non-insulin injectable only | 8 (36) |
Insulin with oral agent(s) and/or non-insulin injectable | 11 (50) |
Insulin only | 2 (9) |
Diabetes management on discharge | |
Diet only | 1 (5) |
Oral agent(s) and/or non-insulin injectable only | 7 (32) |
Insulin with oral agent(s) and/or non-insulin injectable | 12 (55) |
Insulin only | 2 (9) |
Affected limb of DFU | |
Left | 15 (68) |
Right | 7 (32) |
Region of DFU on affected limb | |
Forefoot | 15 (68) |
Midfoot | 5 (23) |
Hindfoot | 2 (9) |
Wound characteristic, Ischemia, and foot Infection (WIfI) grade | |
I | 2 (9) |
II | 5 (23) |
III | 8 (36) |
IV | 7 (32) |
Acute DFU-related complications at baseline | |
Cellulitis | 18 (82) |
Osteomyelitis | 9 (41) |
Tenosynovitis | 2 (9) |
Sepsis | 1 (5) |
Biochemistry on hospitalisation | |
C-reactive protein (mg/L)1 | 99.0 ± 23.9 |
Creatinine (µmol/L)1,4 | 95.5 ± 7.8 |
Urea (mmol/L)1 | 11.3 ± 3.3 |
Length of hospitalisation (days)1 | 7.5 ± 1.1 |
Interventions performed during hospitalisation | |
Offloading device at discharge | |
Normal/custom footwear | 4 (18) |
Ankle-high removable | 15 (68) |
Knee-high removable | 3 (14) |
Weightbearing instructions at discharge | |
As normal | 1 (5) |
Partial | 20 (91) |
Non-weightbearing | 1 (5) |
Antibiotics | 22 (100) |
PICC line insertion | 6 (27) |
Debridement | 13 (59) |
Minor amputation | 13 (59) |
Revascularisation procedure | |
Angioplasty | 2 (9) |
Healed DFU at 12-week follow-up3 | 6 (32) |
