Figure 1

Microbiota diversity analysis. Alpha diversity analysis (a–c). Box plots show Shannon, Chao1, and Observed species indexes for each patients’ group. Microbiota beta diversity analysis (d–f). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot of bacterial beta-diversity based on Bray Curtis dissimilarity (d) and unweighted (e) and weighted (f) UniFrac phylogenetic distance. The plots show the first two principal coordinates (axes) of PCoA. Beta diversity distance box plots (g–i). Data are expressed as minimum, maximum and median values, and 25th and 75th percentiles values. The statistical significant differences are determined by permanova-pairwise tests and indicated by the star. Box plots of OTUs statistically significant by Kruskal–Wallis test (j–m). In y-axis are reported OTU’s relative abundances; in x-axis are reported median, minimum and maximum values, and the 25th and 75th percentile values.