Table 1 Characteristics of patients stratified by PLR quartiles.

From: Platelet-lymphocyte ratio as a new predictor of in-hospital mortality in cardiac intensive care unit patients

Characteristics

Total (n = 5577)

Quartiles of PLR

P Value

Quartile 1 (n = 1392) PLR < 104.8

Quartile 2 (n = 1399) 104.8 ≤ PLR < 167.0

Quartile 3 (n = 1392) 167.0 ≤ PLR < 271.0

Quartile 4 (n = 1394) PLR ≥ 271.0

Age (years)

66.1 ± 15.3

63.2 ± 15.3

66.0 ± 15.3

67.1 ± 15.2

68.3 ± 15.0

 < 0.001

Gender, n (%)

0.002

 Male

3027 (54.3)

817 (58.7)

739 (52.8)

723 (51.9)

748 (53.7)

 

 Female

2550 (45.7)

575 (41.3)

660 (47.2)

669 (48.1)

646 (46.3)

 

Ethnicity, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Caucasian

3958 (71.0)

937 (67.3)

952 (68.1)

999 (71.8)

1070 (76.8)

 

 African American

914 (16.4)

272 (19.5)

241 (17.2)

233 (16.7)

168 (12.0)

 

 Other

705 (12.6)

183 (13.2)

206 (14.7)

160 (11.5)

156 (11.2)

 

Vital signs

 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

122.6 ± 19.0

123.2 ± 19.1

123.5 ± 19.7

123.7 ± 19.2

120.1 ± 17.9

 < 0.001

 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

66.0 ± 11.3

67.3 ± 11.4

66.7 ± 11.6

65.7 ± 11.2

64.2 ± 10.7

 < 0.001

 Mean blood pressure (mmHg)

82.2 ± 12.9

83.6 ± 12.9

82.8 ± 13.1

82.1 ± 13.2

80.1 ± 12.0

 < 0.001

 Heart rate (beats/min)

89.2 ± 22.3

85.7 ± 21.8

86.6 ± 21.5

90.5 ± 22.8

94.0 ± 22.1

 < 0.001

 Respiration rate (beats/min)

21.1 ± 6.3

20.0 ± 6.0

20.8 ± 6.0

21.2 ± 6.2

22.4 ± 6.8

 < 0.001

 Oxygen saturation (%)

97 (95, 99)

98 (96, 100)

97 (95, 99)

97 (95, 99)

97 (94, 99)

 < 0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

29.3 ± 8.3

29.9 ± 7.9

29.5 ± 8.1

29.6 ± 8.9

28.1 ± 8.3

 < 0.001

Diagnoses and comorbidities, n (%)

 Congestive heart failure

1256 (22.5)

261 (18.8)

308 (22.0)

343 (24.6)

344 (24.7)

 < 0.001

 Coronary artery disease

1853 (33.2)

551 (39.6)

539 (38.5)

407 (29.2)

356 (25.5)

 < 0.001

 Acute coronary syndrome

1085 (19.5)

362 (26.0)

316 (22.6)

232 (16.7)

175 (12.6)

 < 0.001

 STEMI

384 (6.9)

149 (10.7)

115 (8.2)

73 (5.2)

47 (3.4)

 < 0.001

 NSTEMI

403 (7.2)

110 (7.9)

120 (8.6)

89 (6.4)

84 (6.0)

0.027

 Arrhythmias

1865 (33.4)

411 (29.5)

444 (31.7)

503 (36.1)

507 (36.4)

 < 0.001

 Cardiac arrest

407 (7.3)

153 (11.0)

88 (6.3)

93 (6.7)

73 (5.2)

 < 0.001

 Bradycardia

224 (4.0)

64 (4.6)

59 (4.2)

61 (4.4)

40 (2.9)

0.086

 Atrial fibrillation

1117 (20.0)

208 (14.9)

259 (18.5)

320 (23.0)

330 (23.7)

 < 0.001

 Ventricular arrhythmias

241 (4.3)

82 (5.9)

62 (4.4)

58 (4.2)

39 (2.8)

0.001

 Atrioventricular block

119 (2.1)

47 (3.4)

31 (2.2)

23 (1.7)

18 (1.3)

0.001

 Cardiomyopathy

365 (6.5)

95 (6.8)

100 (7.2)

96 (6.9)

74 (5.3)

0.189

 Valve disease

164 (2.9)

34 (2.4)

38 (2.7)

42 (3.0)

50 (3.6)

0.318

 Shock

1718 (30.8)

331 (23.8)

351 (25.1)

425 (30.5)

611 (43.8)

 < 0.001

 Pulmonary embolism

129 (2.3)

39 (2.8)

30 (2.1)

31 (2.2)

29 (2.1)

0.567

 Pulmonary hypertension

69 (1.2)

13 (0.9)

20 (1.4)

17 (1.2)

19 (1.4)

0.647

 Hypertension

1689 (30.3)

407 (29.2)

458 (32.7)

441 (31.7)

383 (27.5)

0.011

 Diabetes

1133 (20.3)

257 (18.5)

302 (21.6)

297 (21.3)

277 (19.9)

0.144

 COPD

633 (11.4)

105 (7.5)

144 (10.3)

170 (12.2)

214 (15.4)

 < 0.001

 Respiratory failure

1669 (300)

365 (26.2)

360 (25.7)

416 (29.9)

528 (37.9)

 < 0.001

 Chronic kidney disease

856 (15.4)

163 (11.7)

203 (14.5)

236 (17.0)

254 (18.2)

 < 0.001

 Acute kidney injury

1031 (18.5)

216 (15.5)

226 (16.2)

276 (19.8)

313 (22.5)

 < 0.001

 Malignancy

272 (4.9)

38 (2.7)

53 (3.8)

67 (4.8)

114 (8.2)

 < 0.001

 Stroke

223 (4.0)

58 (4.2)

71 (5.1)

48 (3.5)

46 (3.3)

0.066

 Sepsis

1301 (23.3)

207 (14.9)

236 (16.9)

316 (22.7)

542 (38.9)

 < 0.001

Laboratory parameters

 White blood cell (109/L)

11.8 ± 6.5

12.0 ± 7.6

11.1 ± 5.7

11.7 ± 6.1

12.3 ± 6.4

 < 0.001

 Lymphocyte (109/L)

1.6 ± 1.3

2.9 ± 1.7

1.6 ± 0.6

1.2 ± 0.5

0.7 ± 0.3

 < 0.001

 Monocyte percentage (%)

7.5 ± 3.7

7.8 ± 3.2

8.2 ± 3.4

7.6 ± 3.5

6.6 ± 4.3

 < 0.001

 Neutrophil percentage (%)

74.7 ± 12.6

64.4 ± 13.2

72.5 ± 9.8

78.2 ± 8.5

83.7 ± 9.6

 < 0.001

 Red blood cell (109/L)

4.1 ± 0.8

4.2 ± 0.9

4.1 ± 0.8

4.0 ± 0.8

4.0 ± 0.8

 < 0.001

 Platelet (109/L)

231 ± 102

187 ± 81

214 ± 74

242 ± 93

282 ± 125

 < 0.001

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.0 ± 2.5

12.7 ± 2.5

12.2 ± 2.4

11.8 ± 2.4

11.2 ± 2.4

 < 0.001

 Hematocrit (%)

36.4 ± 7.1

38.3 ± 7.2

37.0 ± 6.8

36.0 ± 7.0

34.4 ± 6.8

 < 0.001

 Glucose (mg/dL)

162.4 ± 98.3

167.7 ± 98.5

156.3 ± 92.3

161.1 ± 95.1

164.9 ± 106.4

0.014

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.80 ± 1.76

1.65 ± 1.62

1.72 ± 1.71

1.90 ± 1.89

1.93 ± 1.80

 < 0.001

 Blood nitrogen urea (mg/dL)

30.1 ± 23.4

25.7 ± 19.4

28.0 ± 19.8

32.0 ± 24.9

34.8 ± 27.3

 < 0.001

 Sodium (mmol/L)

136.9 ± 6.0

137.8 ± 5.3

137.4 ± 5.9

136.8 ± 6.3

135.8 ± 6.4

 < 0.001

 Potassium (mmol/L)

4.2 ± 0.8

4.2 ± 0.7

4.2 ± 0.8

4.2 ± 0.8

4.3 ± 0

 < 0.001

 PLR

167.0 (104.8, 271.0)

76.4 (57.0, 90.7)

134.2 (119.3, 148.7)

208.6 (185.9, 236.6)

416.5 (326.8, 584.0)

 < 0.001

 NLR

6.0 (3.3, 11.7)

2.6 (1.7, 4.0)

4.7 (3.1, 7.2)

7.5 (5.1, 11.3)

15.6 (9.7, 25.5)

 < 0.001

Medication use, n (%)

 Antiplatelet

2659 (47.7)

743 (53.4)

711 (50.8)

635 (45.6)

570 (40.9)

 < 0.001

 Oral anticoagulants

687 (12.3)

141 (10.1)

167 (11.9)

186 (13.4)

193 (13.9)

0.013

 Beta-blockers

2446 (43.9)

647 (46.5)

651 (46.5)

591 (42.5)

557 (40.0)

0.001

 ACEI/ARB

1490 (26.7)

387 (27.8)

407 (29.1)

385 (27.7)

311 (22.3)

 < 0.001

 Statin

1717 (30.8)

487 (35.0)

460 (32.9)

399 (28.7)

371 (26.6)

 < 0.001

Transfusion

105 (1.9)

23 (1.7)

25 (1.8)

20 (1.4)

37 (2.7)

0.091

 APS

41 (28, 57)

36 (25, 56)

38 (26, 53)

42 (30, 56)

46 (34, 61)

 < 0.001

 APACHE IV

55 (40, 72)

50 (35, 70)

52 (38, 67)

57 (42, 72)

61 (47, 77)

 < 0.001

  1. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± SD or median (IQR). Categorical variables were presented as number (percentage).
  2. PLR platelet-lymphocyte ratio, STEMI ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PLR platelet-lymphocyte ratio, NLR neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, APS acute physiology score, APACHE IV Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV.
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