Figure 3
From: Competition alters species’ plastic and genetic response to environmental change
Factors affecting the phenotypic response to salinity. Effect sizes (difference in trait mean) and their standard errors for Paramecium aurelia (a,c), and Spirostomum teres (d,f) obtained from a linear mixed effect model comparing traits of the species evolved in the absence and presence of competition using the common garden data (see “Methods”). Variables displayed are the salinity in which the species evolved in (Historical salinity; Hist. sal.), the salinity a species experienced during the common garden experiment (Common garden salinity; CG sal.), whether the species was evolved in the absence or presence of competing species (Competition), and interaction of competition with historical salinity and common garden salinity (Com. × Hist. sal. and Com. × CG sal., respectively). Measured traits were biomass, quantified as bio-area (a,d), cell shape, quantified as cell size ratio between the major and minor cell axis (b,e), and dispersal ability, quantified as gross speed (c,f). The competition effect is highlighted with bold bars. Significant effects are shown with dark grey bars and asterisks indicating the level of significance, with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Supplementary Figs. 3–4 show the robustness analysis of each of these effect sizes and p values. Supplementary tables S3 and S4 show the detailed results of the statistical analysis.
