Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients.

From: Hypochromic red cells as predictors of anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis: an observational retrospective study

 

Total (n = 142)

%HRC < 3.1% (n = 71)

%HRC ≥ 3.1% (n = 71)

p-value

Demographic data

Age (years)

65 (58.0–73.0)

64.0 (56.0–71.5)

67.0 (60.5–74.0)

0.05

Male, n (%)

80 (56.3)

46 (64.8)

34 (47.9)

0.06

Clinical data

Hemodialysis duration (months)

51.8 (7.5–77.4)

60.0 (14.7–90.1)

35.6 (5.4–64.1)

0.02

Underlying end-stage renal disease cause

 Diabetes, n (%)

90 (63.4)

48 (67.6)

42 (59.2)

0.38

 Hypertension, n (%)

29 (20.4)

11 (15.5)

18 (25.4)

0.21

 Glomerulonephritis, n (%)

9 (6.3)

5 (7.0)

4 (5.6)

0.73

 Polycystic kidney disease, n (%)

4 (2.8)

1 (1.4)

3 (4.2)

0.61

 Contrast-induced nephropathy, n (%)

8 (5.6)

6 (8.5)

2 (2.8)

0.28

 Unknown, n (%)

2 (1.4)

0 (0.0)

2 (2.8)

0.48

Medication use

 Vitamin D analogs, n (%)

69 (48.6)

34 (47.9)

35 (49.3)

0.99

 Calcium-based phosphate binder, n (%)

62 (43.7)

29 (40.8)

33 (4.5)

0.61

 Non-calcium-based phosphate binder, n (%)

81 (57)

46 (64.8)

35 (49.3)

0.09

 RASB

76 (53.5)

42 (59.2)

34 (47.9)

0.24

 Darbepoetin alfa, n (%)a

126 (88.7)

65 (91.5)

61 (85.9)

0.43

 Dose of darbepoetin alfa (μg/week)b

26 ± 12.7

26.3 ± 11.1

25.6 ± 14.2

0.743

Laboratory parameters

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

10.4 (9.2–10.5)

10.3 (10.1–10.6)

10.4 (10.1 -10.6)

0.56

1mo follow-up hemoglobin (g/dL)

10.1 (9.6–10.4)

10.2 (10.0–10.6)

9.8 (8.7–10.2)

 < 0.001

CHr (pg)

32.2 ± 2.1

32.6 ± 1.9

31.8 ± 2.3

0.03

Ferritin (ng/mL)

162.2 (89.3–277.8)

161.6 (96.9–251.7)

162.9 (87.2–282.5)

0.85

Iron (ug/dL)

62.5 (48.0–85.0)

69.0 (56.5–90.5)

57.0 (43.5–71.5)

0.01

TIBC (ug/dL)

231.5 (205.0–261.0)

244.0 (211.5–263.5)

223.0 (202.0 -254.5)

0.09

TSAT (%)

26.8 (20.7–35.1)

30.0 (21.5–36.5)

25.9 (19.3–32.5)

0.09

PTH (pg/mL)

244.7 (135.1–400.9)

253.5 (137.8–361.4)

244.7 (132.4–443.4)

0.56

Calcium (mg/dL)

8.8 (8.3–9.1)

8.8 (8.4–9.2)

8.7 (8.2–9.0)

0.08

Phosphate (mg/dL)

4.6 (3.7–5.5)

4.9 (3.8–5.7)

4.3 (3.5–5.2)

0.07

CRP (mg/L)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

3.0 (2.0–4.0)

3.0 (2.0–5.0)

0.09

Kt/V

1.5 (1.3–1.6)

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

1.5 (1.3–1.6)

0.37

  1. Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations, medians (interquartile ranges), or numbers (percentages).
  2. %HRC, percent hypochromic red blood cells; RASB renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade, CHr reticulocyte hemoglobin content, TIBC toral iron-binding capacity, TSAT transferrin saturation, PTH parathyroid hormone, CRP C-reactive protein.
  3. aInformation at the time of study enrollment.
  4. bInformation between the time of study enrollment and 1 month after study enrollment.
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