Table 1 Patient level characteristics of primary and secondary prophylactic endoscopy, p-value < 0.05 bolded.
Primary prophylaxis | Secondary prophylaxis | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||
Total patients | 87 | 1 | 52 | 1 | – |
Race/ethnicity | – | – | – | – | – |
American Indian/Alaskan native | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0.626 |
Asian | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0.520 |
African American | 6 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0.188 |
Caucasian | 70 | 80 | 44 | 85 | 0.697 |
Hispanic/Latino | 4 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 0.343 |
More than one race reported | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.390 |
Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.374 |
Unknown/not documented | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.610 |
Female (%) | 48 | 55 | 30 | 58 | 0.910 |
Underlying diagnosis | – | – | – | – | – |
Alagille syndrome | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0.270 |
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency | 5 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0.475 |
Autoimmune hepatitis | 8 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0.021 |
Biliary atresia | 14 | 16 | 16 | 31 | 0.068 |
Budd chiari | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.374 |
CTPV/PVT | 10 | 11 | 14 | 27 | 0.036 |
Chronic heart disease | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0.480 |
Congenital hepatic fibrosis | 8 | 9 | 3 | 6 | 0.353 |
Cystic fibrosis related liver disease | 13 | 15 | 4 | 8 | 0.160 |
Cystinosis | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0.374 |
Glycogen storage disease | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.626 |
Joubert syndrome | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.626 |
Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0.270 |
VOD/SOS | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.626 |
Wilson's disease | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0.390 |
Other (free text box) | 12 | 14 | 7 | 13 | 1.000 |
Median age at first endoscopy (range), years | 8.48 (0.56–17.87) | – | 4.93 (0.50–17.88) | – | 0.065 |
# of patients with a PELD score within 2 months of initial endoscopy (excluding CTPV and PVT) | 46 | 53 | 21 | 40 | – |
Median PELD score (range) | 0 (0–15.6) | – | 0 (0–28.8) | – | 0.005 |
# of patients with a MELD score within 2 months of initial endoscopy (excluding CTPV and PVT) | 18 | 21 | 5 | 10 | – |
Median MELD score (range) | 8 (6–26) | – | 11 (9–17) | – | 0.094 |
Median of total endoscopic procedures | 3 (1–13) | – | 6 (1–19) | – | 0.005 |
Eradication of varices at final endoscopy | 6 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 0.188 |
Number of patients who had bleeding despite primary prophylaxis | 18 | 21 | – | – | – |
Shunt | 5 | 6 | 18 | 35 | < 0.001 |
Meso-rex shunt | 0 | 0 | 4 | 8 | – |
Splenorenal shunt | 5 | 6 | 13 | 25 | – |
Meso-caval shunt | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | – |
Shunts who were eventually transplanted | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | – |
Median number of endoscopies prior to shunt (range) | 6 (1–10) | – | 3 (0–12) | – | – |
Liver transplants | 21 | 24 | 14 | 27 | 0.082 |
Death | 4 | 5 | 7 | 13 | 0.061 |
Was cause of death related to variceal complications or endoscopy | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – |
