Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Controlled rate slow freezing with lyoprotective agent to retain the integrity of lipid nanovesicles during lyophilization

Figure 2

Effects of the medium (organic solvent) in the CSF system on the freezing rate and physicochemical properties of lipid nanovesicles. (a) Temperature profiles of lipid nanovesicles in the conventional freezing and CSF systems with different media. (b) Correlation between the specific heat capacity of the medium and freezing rate of lipid nanovesicles. (c) Size distribution and (d) leakage of encapsulated material (fluorescent calcein) of lyophilized lipid nanovesicles in the various freezing systems with different freezing rates. The size distribution and leakage of lyophilized lipid nanovesicles were measured after rehydration.

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