Figure 1
From: Efficacy and safety of 3D printing-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy in complex renal calculi
CT and three-dimensional reconstruction of different parts of the kidney. (a–c) Typical preoperative CT of the patients; (d–f) three-dimensional reconstruction images of different parts of the kidney. (d) Distribution of renal blood vessels, (e) renal pelvis and calculi, (f) three-dimensional reconstruction of the renal pelvis and the size and location of the calculus.
